“…■ To handle problems with uncertain, incomplete, and ambiguous information, researchers improved BWM with ordinary fuzzy sets (Ahmad et al, 2023), interval type-2 fuzzy sets (Chen et al, 2022;Aycin et al, 2022), hesitant fuzzy sets (Karbassi Yazdi et al, 2023), hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (Liang et al, 2022;Liao et al, 2019), probabilistic linguistic term sets (Xian et al, 2023;Xu et al, 2022;Liu et al, 2022), q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (Xiao et al, 2022), Z numbers (Abbasi Kamardi et al, 2022), D numbers (Navaei et al, 2023, Bayesian theory (Hashemkhani Zolfani et al, 2022), and rough sets (Huang et al, 2022).…”