Probabilistic Static Voltage Stability of Power System with Integration of PV Generators using Monte Carlo Simulations

Abstract

As a renewable source, the uncertainties and intermittencies of solar irradiance have become the main concern in developing and integrating such power generation into an electricity network. In power system operation, it is important to maintain a stable voltage profile under random power injection from renewable power generations. The effect of photovoltaic (PV) power plants on the static voltage stability of the interconnected power system is presented in this paper. The probabilistic study was conducted through Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) to investigate the fluctuation of voltage profiles under uncertain power injection from PV power plants. The standard test system of IEEE 14 bus and practical test system of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara electricity network are investigated. It was noticed that the installation of a photovoltaic power plant affected the voltage profiles. The fluctuated condition of power injection from PV power plant resulted in more fluctuation of voltage profiles as indicated by higher standard deviation values. Moreover, distributed location of the PV power plant also influenced the circumstances of voltage fluctuation, providing less fluctuated condition of voltage profiles. Eventually, it can be observed that the voltage fluctuation would influence the static voltage stability of the interconnected power system.

Model design of an architectural grid-connected photovoltaic system

“…Dependence on fossil energy sources should be reduced and on the other hand, the utilization of new and renewable energy sources should increase. In the long term, fossil energy use must decline given the petroleum depletion and environmental unsustainability [1][2][3]. Indonesia is one of the countries that has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) to 29% below business as usual by 2030 or a 41% reduction target contingent on sufficient international financial support.…”

“…The national energy development target, in general, has been set in Presidential Regulation No. 5 of 2006 with an indicator of the percentage of energy share in the primary energy mix and the energy elasticity to be achieved by 2025 [1,3].…”

“…Indonesia is a tropical country in the equator, so the potential for solar energy is high enough with an average shine of 6 to 7 hours per day with an ideal duration of irradiation that can be utilized to generate electrical energy through solar panels for 5 to 6 hours per day. It is a country rich in natural resources with a primary energy source that can be managed and used to meet national energy needs of electrical energy to remote communities [1,3,7].…”

“…Also, other issues arise when integrating renewable energy generation into the network, such as harmonics, voltage dips, overvoltage, and flicker voltages. Increasing the number of renewable energy sources integrated into the grid requires a strategy to manage and control the energy flow to maintain and improve the reliability and quality of the power supply [1,12]. With the connection of a large number of small-capacity distributed generations such as PV systems and wind turbines, the modern distribution networks are undergoing significant changes [6,13].…”