Probability estimates for the unique childhood leukemia cluster in Fallon, Nevada, and risks near other U.S. Military aviation facilities.

Steinmaus, Craig; Lu, Meng Yao; Todd, Randall L.; Smith, Allan H.

doi:10.1289/ehp.6592

Cited by 58 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Neurological and chronic respiratory problems in metallurgy workers, miners, and in a French soldier exposed to tungsten have been reported Jordan et al, 1990;Marquet et al, 1996). Tungsten exposure via drinking water has been associated with onset of acute lymphocytic leukemia clusters (Rubin et al, 2007;Sheppard et al, 2007;Steinmaus et al, 2004). Tungsten is known to alter phosphatedependent biochemical pathways in a cell-type-dependent manner that may negatively affect downstream cellular functions (Johnson et al, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro profiling of epigenetic modifications underlying heavy metal toxicity of tungsten-alloy and its components

Verma¹,

Xu²,

Jaiswal³

et al. 2011

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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In vitro profiling of epigenetic modifications underlying heavy metal toxicity of tungsten-alloy and its components" (2011 Tungsten-alloy has carcinogenic potential as demonstrated by cancer development in rats with intramuscular implanted tungsten-alloy pellets. This suggests a potential involvement of epigenetic events previously implicated as environmental triggers of cancer. Here, we tested metal induced cytotoxicity and epigenetic modifications including H3 acetylation, H3-Ser10 phosphorylation and H3-K4 trimethylation. We exposed human embryonic kidney (HEK293), human neuroepithelioma (SKNMC), and mouse myoblast (C2C12) cultures for 1-day and hippocampal primary neuronal cultures for 1-week to 50-200 μg/ml of tungsten-alloy (91% tungsten/6% nickel/3% cobalt), tungsten, nickel, and cobalt. We also examined the potential role of intracellular calcium in metal mediated histone modifications by addition of calcium channel blockers/chelators to the metal solutions. Tungsten and its alloy showed cytotoxicity at concentrations N 50 μg/ml, while we found significant toxicity with cobalt and nickel for most tested concentrations. Diverse cell-specific toxic effects were observed, with C2C12 being relatively resistant to tungsten-alloy mediated toxic impact. Tungsten-alloy, but not tungsten, caused almost complete dephosphorylation of H3-Ser10 in C2C12 and hippocampal primary neuronal cultures with H3-hypoacetylation in C2C12. Dramatic H3-Ser10 dephosphorylation was found in all cobalt treated cultures with a decrease in H3 pan-acetylation in C2C12, SKNMC and HEK293. Trimethylation of H3-K4 was not affected. Both tungsten-alloy and cobalt mediated H3-Ser10 dephosphorylation were reversed with BAPTA-AM, highlighting the role of intracellular calcium, confirmed with 2-photon calcium imaging. In summary, our results for the first time reveal epigenetic modifications triggered by tungsten-alloy exposure in C2C12 and hippocampal primary neuronal cultures suggesting the underlying synergistic effects of tungsten, nickel and cobalt mediated by changes in intracellular calcium homeostasis and buffering.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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confidence: 99%

In vitro profiling of epigenetic modifications underlying heavy metal toxicity of tungsten-alloy and its components

Verma¹,

Xu²,

Jaiswal³

et al. 2011

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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“…These findings must be an alert to the people living in the area or close to the area, because the arsenic was considered an important element in the development of leukemia [22] that was detected in an abnormally large number of children if Nevada, USA [23]. It is recognized that arsenic is primarily released into water due to intemperism of soil and rocks as well as from geothermal sources [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic concentrations in the San Pedro River of Chihuahua, Mexico

Gutiérrez-Espinoza¹,

Rubio-Arias²,

Quintana³

et al. 2007

Environmental Health Risk IV

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There is a general belief that high levels of arsenic are found in waters of the northern states of Mexico. In order to test this hypothesis, research was conducted with the objective of determining arsenic levels in waters of the San Pedro River located in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. From October 2005 to August 2006 on a monthly basis, water samples were collected at five points along the San Pedro River. Three repetitions were collected at each point resulting in a total of 165 water samples. Total arsenic concentration was L -1 detected in an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-POE) model 2100 by Perkin Elmer. The arsenic concentrations in waters of the San Pedro River ranged from 0.0110 mg L -1 to 0.587 mg L -1 with a mean of 0.104 mg L -1 ± 0.234 mg. Most samples were over the maximum permissible value established as Mexican and international standards. A quadratic projection was observed between the basic points through the fifth point; these results might be influenced by the decrease of flow and the decrease of the drainage level. These results confirm the hypothesis that waters in northern Mexico contain high levels of arsenic that potentially might be harmful to the whole ecosystem and being potentially dangerous to human development and health.

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“…13 C was used as an internal standard [23,25]. Line scans of the gels were To evaluate the transfer of W across geochemical interfaces, the apparent fluxes of W across the SWI and hotspot-bulk media interface (HS-B-I), were calculated using a numerical model [45] based on sediment properties following Eq.…”

Section: Pz Dgt Measurement In Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it's not just the manufacturing processes that are a cause of concern, leachates from E-waste repositories and recycling sites can also contain considerable amounts of W [12]. Measures to phase out lead in ammunition, has seen W being used as its replacement [13], resulting in a relatively new and poorly characterized exposure source/pathway [1,4,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assumption that W is inert in soil/sediment and does not dissolve readily in water, perhaps accounts for why its biogeochemistry has not been so extensively studied compared to other toxic trace elements. However, recent research linking W to the development of a cluster of childhood leukemia cases in Neveda (USA) [13] coupled with a greater appreciation of the mobility of the element in soils/sediments and its uptake by biota, especially at pH's above 6.5 [5,10,16,17], have led the U.S. EPA to re-classify W as an "emerging contaminant" [18]. The distribution and fate of W in the soils/water is controlled by numerous factors including: pH, redox potential, existing chelating and precipitating agents, and Fe/Mn concentrations [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-resolution measurement and mapping of tungstate in waters, soils and sediments using the low-disturbance DGT sampling technique

Guan

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits distribution and reproduction for non-commercial purposes, provided the author and source are cited. General rightsCopyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact openaccess@qub.ac.uk. high-resolution W profiling across sedimentwater and hotspotbulk media interfaces from Lake Taihu was obtained using PZ DGT coupled with laser ablation ICPMS measurement, and the apparent diffusion fluxes across the interfaces were calculated using a numerical model. KEY WORDS: diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT); tungsten; precipitated zirconia (PZ) gel; sub-mm high resolution; hotspotbulk media interface.

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Probability estimates for the unique childhood leukemia cluster in Fallon, Nevada, and risks near other U.S. Military aviation facilities.

Cited by 58 publications

References 40 publications

In vitro profiling of epigenetic modifications underlying heavy metal toxicity of tungsten-alloy and its components

In vitro profiling of epigenetic modifications underlying heavy metal toxicity of tungsten-alloy and its components

Arsenic concentrations in the San Pedro River of Chihuahua, Mexico

High-resolution measurement and mapping of tungstate in waters, soils and sediments using the low-disturbance DGT sampling technique

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