“…However, aggregation in thin films induces stabilization in the S 1 state, causing a red shift in the absorption spectra. 32–35 Similarly, the emission spectra in the thin films also exhibit broadening and a red shift compared to the spectra observed in THF. The emission spectra of the PMIB , BrPMITB , PMITB , and APITB thin films show maxima at 654 nm, 625 nm, 662 nm and 606 nm respectively, with a Q.Y.…”