Problems of a centralised department in a decentralised mental hospital

Baker, Frank; Schulberg, Herbert C.; Yager, Joan; O’Brien, Gregory

doi:10.1016/0037-7856(70)90118-6

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These scores are, however, relatively modest when compared to the mean scores of the nine criterion groups used by Baker and Schulberg (1967) in the initial development of the scale -groups not composed of staff members of community mental health centers.…”

Section: Methods and Findingsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Community activism and community mental health: A chimera of the sixties, a view from the eighties

Robin

Wagenfeld

1988

J. Community Psychol.

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The conclusion that the decline of community mental health is primarily a result of the current political, social, and fiscal environment is examined in this paper. Following an analysis of the community mental health movement, its ideology and origins, data from several studies are cited to support the thesis that community mental health ideology was not internalized by community mental health center directors and workers, as demonstrated in their attitudes or role behaviors. The data are supported by analysis of the division of time and effort in the activities of community mental health centers during the 1970s. Since these data were gathered at the height of the community mental health movement, the current state of the movement is interpreted in part as a reflection of the basic lack of ideological and role commitment to it on the part of staff in community mental health centers. These observations are discussed in the context of community mental health as an incomplete social movement.

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Section: Methods and Findingsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Community activism and community mental health: A chimera of the sixties, a view from the eighties

Robin

Wagenfeld

1988

J. Community Psychol.

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“…In order to eliminate the effect of crucible/steel interaction, several researchers 30,39,51) employed the levitated droplet method in the gas-melt study. Ito et al 41) measured the rate of carbon and oxygen transfer between CO-CO 2 mixtures and iron using the levitated droplet method, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The carbon and oxygen content of the quenched sample were further analyzed to determine the evolution of carbon and oxygen concentration with time at various conditions (temperature, gas composition and flow rate), corresponding to the CO absorption rate. Baker et al 39) measured the decarburization of levitated Fe-0 to 5.5 wt% C alloy droplets at 1 660°C flushed by 1, 10, and 100% O 2 -He gas mixtures. An equation was derived to predict the rate of oxygen diffusion to the droplet through the gas boundary layer, as shown in Eq.…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baker et al 39) studied the decarburization of a levitated Fe-0 to 5 wt% C alloy droplet flushed by O 2 -He gas mix-tures with various O 2 fractions (1, 10 and 100%). It was found that for high carbon concentrations, the decarburization rate of the levitated drop at 1 660°C was completely controlled by the rate of O 2 diffusion to the droplet through the gas boundary layer.…”

Section: Mass Transfer In Gas Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the results are not always consistent and even contradict each other, particularly in the rate-limit step of the C-O reaction, i.e. carbon and/or oxygen diffusion in the liquid steel, 28,29,[34][35][36][37][38] gaseous diffusion in the gas phase, 30,31,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and interfacial reactions. 33,46) Moreover, in the literature it is constantly assumed that the CO absorption and desorption process are symmetrical, meaning the rate-limiting step of the two reactions is the same and the overall reaction rate is equivalent under the same experimental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO Desorption and Absorption in Molten Steel: A Review

et al. 2021

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Previous work on the mechanism of carbon monoxide absorption and desorption from liquid steel/iron is reviewed. The experimental setup employed in these studies is summarized and the characteristics of each methodology are discussed and compared. The reaction kinetics, particularly the rate-limiting step of the CO gas-molten steel/iron reaction is analysed with respect to experimental parameters, comprising temperature, CO partial pressure in the gas mixture, gas flow rate, crucible materials, and carbon and oxygen content in the steel/iron. To further understand the CO absorption and desorption mechanisms in liquid steel, suggestions for future work are provided.

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