Problems of Modeling the Processes of Audition in the World Psycholinguistics

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of listening comprehension modeling is one of the most debatable in psycholinguistics: so far, in both Western European and American and Eastern European psycholinguistic sciences, the search for the possibility of developing a model of listening as a coherent speech is not stopped. At the same time, various scientific ideas about models and the actual process of modeling are fixed.
 The aim of the study. To analyze the most common models of speech perception and speech comprehension in psycholinguistics and present the created model of listening, which reproduces the unity of the processes of verbal perception and understanding of speech, which has been called “from motive to motive”.
 Research methods. Meta analysis of psycholinguistic sources; systematization of theoretical analysis data; generalization of scientific theses; comparison; modeling.
 Results. Taking into account the basic tenets of the Eastern European psycholinguistics, listening is considered in the paradigm of the “activity frame” (Leontyev, 2003) as speech-thinking activity, which components are motive, purpose, actions, operations (as the ways of performing actions), attitudes and results (products of audio), and a refined model of expression generation (Akhutina, 2002). In this context, a theoretical integrative model of listening in the unity of verbal perception and comprehension of speech has been developed taking into account the motivational processes of speech communication. The integrative listening model differs from the other in the following ways: a) the presence of the subject’s own motivation for establishing the motive of the author’s speech (text) - from the communicator’s motive to that of the communicator; b) its semantic and value orientation, which reflects the deep inter-speech stages of the course of listening; c) the presence of purpose formation as a prerequisite for the formation of meaning; d) prediction in the structure of the model of internalization and exteriorization as the driving factors in the transformation processes from external (verbal perception) to internal semantic-semantic (processing) and external sounding (reproduction of clear); e) introducing into the phases of the auditory process a stage that involves the moment when the subject of the audition (meaningful perception and comprehension of speech) plays the image of the situation of the subject of speaking (letter).