Processing of auditory stimuli during visual attention in patients with schizophrenia

Alain, Claude; Hargrave, Rita; Woods, David L.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00478-2

Cited by 74 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It is worth pointing out that in the bulk of the remaining eight studies where a P1 deficit was not observed, later cognitive potentials were typically the dependent measures of interest (e.g. P300) and the P1 findings were incidental to the main focus of these studies [1,5,32 [61] investigated P1 amplitude in the context of modulation of attention and perceptual load. Their study showed that schizophrenia patients failed to augment the P1 component during vigilance demands and concluded that this finding suggests a deficit in early processing of stimuli in patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual sensory processing deficits in Schizophrenia and their relationship to disease state

Yeap

Kelly

Sehatpour

et al. 2008

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosc

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Context Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) abnormalities have been a fairly consistent finding in patients with schizophrenia, and it has been suggested that electrophysiological markers of early sensory processing may be useful as trait markers for the illness, and for development as potential diagnostic measures. Objective Clear amplitude reductions in the occipital P1 component of the VEP (~100 ms), have been repeatedly demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia. Here, we investigated whether the extent of this deficit was related to age, clinical symptoms, medication status and length of illness, in a large cohort of ethnically homogenous patients. Design, setting and participants VEP responses to simple isolated-check stimuli were examined in 52 DSM-IV diagnosed patients with schizophrenia, and compared with responses from 26 healthy age-matched control subjects. Using high-density electrical scalp recordings, we assessed the integrity of the visual P1 component across the two groups. This study was conducted at St.Vincent's Psychiatric Hospital in Fairview, Dublin, Ireland. Results Substantially reduced P1 amplitude was demonstrated in the patient group compared to controls. The deficit was not linked to age, length of illness or medication status. A small positive correlation, accounting for about 11% of the variance, was found between P1 amplitude and clinical symptoms scales (BPRS and SANS). In addition, we found that a slightly later (~110 ms) fronto-central component was relatively increased in the patient group, and was inversely correlated with the occipital P1 amplitude in the patients, but not in the healthy control subjects.Conclusions Our findings clearly demonstrate a deficit in early visual processing in patients with schizophrenia (with a large effect size; Cohen's d = 0.7) that is unrelated to chronicity. The results are consistent with recent findings showing that the P1 deficit is endophenotypic of the disorder and related to genetic risk factors rather than the disease process itself.j Key words visual-evoked potential AE VEP AE ERP AE P1 deficit AE schizophrenia AE Ireland AE hyperfrontality

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual sensory processing deficits in Schizophrenia and their relationship to disease state

Yeap

Kelly

Sehatpour

et al. 2008

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosc

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“…Hz or a 1414 Hz tone embedded in a sequence of identical tones of 1000 Hz) was smaller for schizophrenic patients, as compared with controls, while participants were engaged in a demanding visual discrimination task (Alain, Hargrave, & Woods, 1998). This suggests that the representations of the standard stimulus from which the deviant differs is imprecise or more prone to decay for the schizophrenics (Alain et al, 1998).…”

Section: Impulsivity and Unusual Experiences (Positive Schizotypy)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This suggests that the representations of the standard stimulus from which the deviant differs is imprecise or more prone to decay for the schizophrenics (Alain et al, 1998). One implication of this is that due to an impoverished neural template of the sound pattern, schizophrenic patients should show a reduced deviation effect but also reduced habituation to the deviation effect.…”

Section: Impulsivity and Unusual Experiences (Positive Schizotypy)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is worth pointing out that substantial differences exist between our study and previous studies. For example, Alain et al (1998) used tones as to-be-ignored sequences while letters were used in the current study. A letter change is more acoustically complex and salient than a change along a simple physical dimension such as a change in pitch.…”

Section: Impulsivity and Unusual Experiences (Positive Schizotypy)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Distractibility in Schizotypy: Independent of Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity?

Marsh

Vachon

Sörqvist

2017

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Individuals with schizophrenia typically show increased levels of distractibility. This has been attributed to impaired working memory capacity (WMC), since lower WMC is typically associated with higher distractibility and schizophrenia is typically associated with impoverished WMC. Here, participants performed verbal and spatial serial recall tasks that were accompanied by to-be-ignored speech tokens. For the few trials wherein one speech token was replaced with a different token, impairment was produced to task scores (a deviation effect). Participants subsequently completed a schizotypy questionnaire and a WMC measure. Higher schizotypy scores were associated with lower WMC (as measured with operation span [OSPAN]), but WMC and schizotypy scores explained unique variance in relation to the mean magnitude of the deviation effect. These results suggest that schizotypy is associated with heightened domain-general distractibility, but that this is independent of its relationship with WMC.

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“…Out of 15 studies in schizophrenia, deficits in MMN generation were found in 13 studies (Alain et al, 1998;Catts et al, 1995;Hirayasu et al, 1998;Javitt et al, 1993Javitt et al, , 1995Javitt et al, , 2000Kreitschmann-Andermahr et al, 1999;Oades et al, 1997;Shelley et al, 1991;Shutara et al, 1996;Umbricht et al, 1998Umbricht et al, , 1999 demonstrating deficits in context-dependent information processing of auditory stimuli at a preattentive automatic level. Schizophrenic patients also exhibit deficient performance in complex tasks that engage the prefrontal cortex (Barch et al, 2001) and require utilization of contextual information for correct task performance (Cohen et al, 1999;Javitt et al, 2000;Servan-Schreiber et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the 5-HT2A Agonist Psilocybin on Mismatch Negativity Generation and AX-Continuous Performance Task: Implications for the Neuropharmacology of Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia

Umbricht

Vollenweider

Schmid

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

169

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Previously the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the performance of an 'AX'-type continuous performance test (AX-CPT)Fmeasures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processingFin a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. This placebo-controlled study investigated effects of the 5-HT 2A receptor agonist psilocybin on the same measures in 18 healthy volunteers. Psilocybin administration induced significant performance deficits in the AX-CPT, but failed to reduce MMN generation significantly. These results indirectly support evidence that deficient MMN generation in schizophrenia may be a relatively distinct manifestation of deficient NMDAR functioning. In contrast, secondary pharmacological effects shared by NMDAR antagonists and the 5-HT 2A agonist (ie disruption of glutamatergic neurotransmission) may be the mechanism underlying impairments in AX-CPT performance observed during both psilocybin and ketamine administration. Comparable deficits in schizophrenia may result from independent dysfunctions of 5-HT 2A and NMDAR-related neurotransmission.

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Processing of auditory stimuli during visual attention in patients with schizophrenia

Cited by 74 publications

References 46 publications

Visual sensory processing deficits in Schizophrenia and their relationship to disease state

Visual sensory processing deficits in Schizophrenia and their relationship to disease state

Increased Distractibility in Schizotypy: Independent of Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity?

Effects of the 5-HT2A Agonist Psilocybin on Mismatch Negativity Generation and AX-Continuous Performance Task: Implications for the Neuropharmacology of Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia

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