Processing of Poultry Manure for Energy Purposes in Environmental Protection Technologies

Abstract

Environmental safety risks caused by the accumulation of poultry manure are discussed, along with the advantages and disadvantages of poultry manure treatment technologies. The attention is focused on the method of anaerobic digestion with biogas and high quality fertilizer production. In this work, the method of intensification of anaerobic digestion with the use of preliminary additional ultrasonic treatment in the process of anaerobic digestion of organic waste to produce biogas is investigated. The additional ultrasonic treatment enhances the decomposition of the organic waste and releases more energy for conversion into methane by physical disintegration of the substance and improvement of the chemical structure of the substrate through the free radicals released by the cavitation bubble collapse. The effectiveness of ultrasonic pretreatment in the anaerobic digestion process was laboratory tested by comparing the biogas yield and parameters of the anaerobic process. The selected method was monitored in terms of hydrogen value (pH), redox potential (ORP), total dissolved solids (TDS), and qualitative and quantitative composition of the biogas. Ultrasound treatment of the substrate at the pretreatment stages for the subsequent anaerobic digestion process has increased the biogas yield. Laboratory confirmed that the increase in biogas productivity of anaerobic digestion biosystems with pretreatment of the substrate with ultrasound compared to the control experiment without pretreatment increased by 1.3 times in twenty-five days of the study and the overall achievement of biogas productivity of 10 liters. Theoretically calculated reduction of the payback period from 5.0 to 2.5 years of the biogas plant implementation of the combined system of organic waste utilization with the additional installation of the pretreatment system. The possibilities of international grant platforms for financing and implementing innovative local biogas projects, particularly those focused on the community of Ukraine, are analyzed.