Processing technologies for gold-telluride ores

Zhang, Jian; Zhang, Yao; Richmond, William R.; Wang, Haipeng

doi:10.1007/s12613-010-0101-6

Cited by 38 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…In San Cristóbal and Santa Filomena, the low recovery using cyanidation could be due to the fact that gold is enclosed in pyrite and quartz and with no preliminary treatment applied. In San Luis, the complex mineralogy of gold has to be taken into account in addition to the refractory behaviour of the ore. Gold tellurides do not dissolve rapidly in conventional leaching solutions using alkaline cyanide [58]. Therefore, alternative treatments must be applied to break the structure of the gold tellurides and release free gold.…”

Section: Processing Of Refractory Gold Oresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Mineralogical Knowledge in the Sustainability of Artisanal Gold Mining: A Mid-South Peru Case

et al. 2019

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Mineralogy and gold processing techniques from several mining areas of the Nazca-Ocoña gold belt, Mid-South Peru, were investigated to assess the efficiency of gold extraction methods in relation to their mineralogy. The deposits from this belt are intrusion gold related to mineralization in quartz veins. Native gold occurs as micrometric grains encapsulated in pyrite and in minor amounts in other sulfides and quartz. Electrum is found mainly in fractures of pyrite and attains up to 35 wt. % Ag. In addition to these occurrences, gold tellurides also occur and they are abundant in San Luis. Gold processing is carried out by amalgamation with mercury and/or cyanidation. The comparison of the gold grade in the mineralizations and in the residual tailings indicates that a significant amount of gold is not recovered using the mercury amalgamation process and also, in the case of the gold recovery by cyanidation, except when cement was added to the cyanide solution. This was due to an increase in the pH that favours the dissolution of the gold matrix. In the cyanidation process carried out in tailings previously treated with mercury, part of the mercury retained in them is released to the atmosphere or to the cyanidation fluids.

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Section: Processing Of Refractory Gold Oresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Mineralogical Knowledge in the Sustainability of Artisanal Gold Mining: A Mid-South Peru Case

et al. 2019

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“…The binding of tellurium with noble metals such as gold and silver was attributed to the semimetallic nature of tellurium. The presence of gold telluride minerals may render an ore refractory, the extent of this depends on the telluride mineral present and the mineralogical association (Zhang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure, XANES and charge distribution investigation of krennerite and sylvanite: analysis of Au—Te and Te—Te bonds in Au_1–xAg_xTe₂ group minerals

Kitahara¹,

Yoshiasa²,

Tokuda³

et al. 2022

Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater

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The structure refinement and XANES study of two gold–silver–tellurides [Au1+x Ag x Te2, krennerite (x = 0.11–0.13) and sylvanite (x = 0.29–0.31)] are presented and the structures are compared with the prototype structure of calaverite (x = 0.08–0.10). Whereas the latter is well known for being incommensurately modulated at ambient conditions, neither krennerite nor sylvanite present any modulation. This is attributed to the presence of relatively strong Te—Te bonds (bond distances < 2.9 Å) in the two minerals, which are absent in calaverite (bond distances > 3.2 Å). In both tellurides, trivalent gold occurs in slightly distorted square planar coordination, whereas monovalent gold, partly substituted by monovalent silver, presents a 2+2+2 coordination, corresponding to distorted rhombic bipyramids. The differentiation between bonding and non-bonding contacts is obtained by computation of the Effective Coordination Number (ECoN). The CHARge DIstribution (CHARDI) analysis is satisfactory for both tellurides but suggests that the Te—Te bond in the [Te3]2− anion is not entirely homopolar. Both tellurides can therefore be described as Madelung-type compounds, despite the presence of Te–Te in both structures.

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“…All the structures observed present the same shape, indicating a monodisperse synthesis unlike what is seen for Bacillus selenireducens that form nanorods, shards, and rosettes ( Baesman et al, 2007 ) or the membrane fractions of Lysinibacillus sp. ZYM-1 that form various shapes of Te plates ( Zhang et al, 2010 ). Instead, the monodisperse synthesis of Te nanostructures by P. pabuli ALJ109b resembles that of Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 ( Presentato et al, 2018 ) or Bacillus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Tellurite on the Metabolism of Paenibacillus pabuli AL109b With Flagellin Production Explaining High Reduction Capacity

et al. 2021

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Tellurium (Te) is a metalloid with scarce and scattered abundance but with an increased interest in human activity for its uses in emerging technologies. As is seen for other metals and metalloids, the result of mining activity and improper disposal of high-tech devices will lead to niches with increased abundance of Te. This metalloid will be more available to bacteria and represent an increasing selective pressure. This environmental problem may constitute an opportunity to search for microorganisms with genetic and molecular mechanisms of microbial resistance to Te toxic anions. Organisms from Te-contaminated niches could provide tools for Te remediation and fabrication of Te-containing structures with added value. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of a high metal-resistant Paenibacillus pabuli strain ALJ109b, isolated from high metal content mining residues, to reduce tellurite ion, and to evaluate the formation of metallic tellurium by cellular reduction, isolate the protein responsible, and determine the metabolic response to tellurite during growth. P. pabuli ALJ109b demonstrated to be resistant to Te (IV) at concentrations higher than reported for its genus. It can efficiently remove soluble Te (IV) from solution, over 20% in 8 h of growth, and reduce it to elemental Te, forming monodisperse nanostructures, verified by scattering electron microscopy. Cultivation of P. pabuli ALJ109b in the presence of Te (IV) affected the general protein expression pattern, and hence the metabolism, as demonstrated by high-throughput proteomic analysis. The Te (IV)-induced metabolic shift is characterized by an activation of ROS response. Flagellin from P. pabuli ALJ109b demonstrates high Te (0) forming activity in neutral to basic conditions in a range of temperatures from 20°C to 37°C. In conclusion, the first metabolic characterization of a strain of P. pabuli response to Te (IV) reveals a highly resistant strain with a unique Te (IV) proteomic response. This strain, and its flagellin, display, all the features of potential tools for Te nanoparticle production.

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Processing technologies for gold-telluride ores

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

The Importance of Mineralogical Knowledge in the Sustainability of Artisanal Gold Mining: A Mid-South Peru Case

The Importance of Mineralogical Knowledge in the Sustainability of Artisanal Gold Mining: A Mid-South Peru Case

Crystal structure, XANES and charge distribution investigation of krennerite and sylvanite: analysis of Au—Te and Te—Te bonds in Au_1–xAg_xTe₂ group minerals

Impact of Tellurite on the Metabolism of Paenibacillus pabuli AL109b With Flagellin Production Explaining High Reduction Capacity

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Processing technologies for gold-telluride ores

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

The Importance of Mineralogical Knowledge in the Sustainability of Artisanal Gold Mining: A Mid-South Peru Case

The Importance of Mineralogical Knowledge in the Sustainability of Artisanal Gold Mining: A Mid-South Peru Case

Crystal structure, XANES and charge distribution investigation of krennerite and sylvanite: analysis of Au—Te and Te—Te bonds in Au1–x Ag x Te2 group minerals

Impact of Tellurite on the Metabolism of Paenibacillus pabuli AL109b With Flagellin Production Explaining High Reduction Capacity

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Crystal structure, XANES and charge distribution investigation of krennerite and sylvanite: analysis of Au—Te and Te—Te bonds in Au_1–xAg_xTe₂ group minerals