Processo de trabalho na atenção básica à saúde: a utilização do atendimento individual específico e articulação intersetorial por terapeutas ocupacionais e psicólogos

Abstract

A reorientação do modelo assistencial, no contexto da Atenção Básica à Saúde (ABS), com a implantação das equipes de Saúde da Família (SF) e do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (NASF-AB) possibilitou aproximação entre os profissionais e comunidade. Esta aproximação facilita o acesso dos usuários e o manejo dos objetos de ação pelos profissionais da ABS. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de identificar as ferramentas utilizadas por terapeutas ocupacionais e psicólogos da equipe do NASF-AB no processo de trabalho, junto às equipes de SF, para a assistência a população. Para isto, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Constata-se que para intervir sobre as demandas presentes no território de abrangência das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS), os profissionais do NASF-AB enquanto agentes, utilizam como meios de produção ferramentas tecnológicas e de cuidado, como o atendimento individual específico, com os objetivos de prevenir agravos e promover saúde física e psíquica a população.

Empirical practical evaluation instrument for thermoplastic materials for orthoses

“…Fourteen items were determined, corresponding to the characteristics to be tested and observed in the materials, namely: ease of cutting the cooled material; ease of cutting the heated material; thermal perception; molding time; moldability (conformability); memory; ease of finishing; self-adhesion; susceptibility to fingerprints; comfort to the touch after molding; stiffness; esthetics; weight; Velcro fastening. All the items were determined based on what the national and international literature in the field of rehabilitation mentions and/or describes as relevant aspects and properties in thermoplastic materials for orthoses (Agnelli & Toyoda, 2003;Agnelli Martinez, 2018;Assumpção, 2006;Breger-Lee & Buford Junior, 1992;Callinan, 2013;Canelón, 1995;Ferrigno, 2007;Fess, 2011;Francisco, 2004;Leite, 2007;Lindemayer, 2004;Macdonald et al, 2004;Malick, 1978;Martinez et al, 2022;Mckee & Rivard, 2011;Meng et al, 2008;Sauron, 2003;Silva, 2014;Souza, 2014) in conjunction with the engineering literature concerning the thermal and mechanical properties of polymeric materials (Canevarolo, 2019;Nunes & Lopes, 2014).…”

“…After the advent of low-temperature thermoplastics, which have a working temperature range of 45-70 ºC (113-158 ºF) and can be applied directly to the body, their prevalence in the manufacturing of orthoses for upper limbs has been identified in several national and international studies (Agnelli & Toyoda, 2003;Agnelli Martinez, 2018;Almeida et al, 2016;Fess, 2011;Mckee & Morgan, 1998;Mckee & Rivard, 2011;Meng et al, 2008;Silva, 2001;Silva, 2014). In studies conducted in Brazil, where the samples were composed of professionals working in the crafting of orthoses for upper limbs, 90.9% of the participants mentioned the use of low-temperature thermoplastics in the study by Agnelli & Toyoda (2003), 83% of participants in the research conducted by Silva (2014), 83% in the work of Almeida et al (2016), and 100% of the professionals who participated in the study by Agnelli Martinez (2018). These materials have potential for the fabrication of custom orthoses, favoring anatomical contours and enabling the individualization of the device to a specific need, also simplifying the manufacturing process.…”

“…According to Garcia et al (2000), material tests are important as they enable the development of new information about them and the creation and/or modification of manufacturing processes and treatments. There are national studies addressing heat moldable materials that present diverse and standardized laboratory analyses, satisfactory for evaluating some properties of these materials (Danckwardt, 2016;Leite, 2007;Lindemayer, 2004;Ramos, 2017;Rodrigues, 2007;Silva, 2001;Silva, 2014;Souza, 2014). However, no tests or assessment instruments were found to assist professionals in evaluating these materials in clinical practice, regarding the specific characteristics for application in orthoses, so that they can verify exactly what is expected of a material for this purpose.…”