Producing Vaccines against Enveloped Viruses in Plants: Making the Impossible, Difficult

Peyret, Hadrien; Steele, John F. C.; Jung, Jae-Wan; Thuenemann, Eva C.; Meshcheriakova, Yulia; Lomonossoff, George P.

doi:10.3390/vaccines9070780

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 190 publications

(262 reference statements)

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“…The concept of plant-based vaccines found its commercial application when the United States Department of Agriculture approved a vaccine against the Newcastle disease. This led to an increased production of recombinant proteins in plants as reagents for diagnostic tools or vaccines [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Optimization of an Enzyme Immunoassay to Detect Serum Antibodies against the Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs, Using Plant-Derived ORF2 Recombinant Protein

et al. 2021

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Hepatitis E is an emerging global disease, mainly transmitted via the fecal–oral route in developing countries, and in a zoonotic manner in the developed world. Pigs and wild boar constitute the primary Hepatitis E virus (HEV) zoonotic reservoir. Consumption of undercooked animal meat or direct contact with infected animals is the most common source of HEV infection in European countries. The purpose of this study is to develop an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the detection of anti-hepatitis E virus IgG in pig serum, using plant-produced recombinant HEV-3 ORF2 as an antigenic coating protein, and also to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of this assay. A recombinant HEV-3 ORF2 110-610_6his capsid protein, transiently expressed by pEff vector in Nicotiana benthamiana plants was used to develop an in-house HEV EIA. The plant-derived HEV-3 ORF2 110-610_6his protein proved to be antigenically similar to the HEV ORF2 capsid protein and it can self-assemble into heterogeneous particulate structures. The optimal conditions for the in-house EIA (iEIA) were determined as follows: HEV-3 ORF2 110-610_6his antigen concentration (4 µg/mL), serum dilution (1:50), 3% BSA as a blocking agent, and secondary antibody dilution (1:20 000). The iEIA developed for this study showed a sensitivity of 97.1% (95% Cl: 89.9–99.65) and a specificity of 98.6% (95% Cl: 92.5–99.96) with a Youden index of 0.9571. A comparison between our iEIA and a commercial assay (PrioCHECK™ Porcine HEV Ab ELISA Kit, ThermoFisher Scientific, MA, USA) showed 97.8% agreement with a kappa index of 0.9399. The plant-based HEV-3 ORF2 iEIA assay was able to detect anti-HEV IgG in pig serum with a very good agreement compared to the commercially available kit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Optimization of an Enzyme Immunoassay to Detect Serum Antibodies against the Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs, Using Plant-Derived ORF2 Recombinant Protein

et al. 2021

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“…The results show that C proteins can be produced in plants following autoproteolytic cleavage of the expressed polyprotein. Not all envelope glycoproteins could be expressed in plants, only E2 was detected, and no structures resembling full CHIK-VLPs were observed [116].…”

Section: Togaviruses Chikungunya Virus (Chikv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lomonossoff group, John Innes Center, Norwich, also announced SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccine production based on plants expressing the S, E, and M proteins. They purified "crown-shaped" particles from plant leaves infiltrated with the S protein [116]. Pogrebnyak et al were also successful in generating S1 protein composed of the N-terminal and the receptor-binding domains in tobacco and tomato plants and observed robust immune response upon immunization of mice [117].…”

Section: Emerging Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies were taken a step further by expressing ORF2 in plants to produce CHIK-VLPs. The Lomonossoff group produced capsid-like particles (CLPs) in N. benthamiana through transient expression of ORF2 or a fragment of the ORF2 coding capsid protein [116]. The results show that C proteins can be produced in plants following autoproteolytic cleavage of the expressed polyprotein.…”

Section: Togaviruses Chikungunya Virus (Chikv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lomonossoff group transiently expressed ZIKV prM-E proteins in N. benthamiana and showed that plants successfully expressed and accumulated E proteins. The protein yield was low, which led to limited VLP purification due to poor VLP formation [116].…”

Section: Zika Virus (Zikv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Zoonotic Viruses

Zahmanova

Takova

Valkova

et al. 2022

Life

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Emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases cause serious illness with billions of cases, and millions of deaths. The most effective way to restrict the spread of zoonotic viruses among humans and animals and prevent disease is vaccination. Recombinant proteins produced in plants offer an alternative approach for the development of safe, effective, inexpensive candidate vaccines. Current strategies are focused on the production of highly immunogenic structural proteins, which mimic the organizations of the native virion but lack the viral genetic material. These include chimeric viral peptides, subunit virus proteins, and virus-like particles (VLPs). The latter, with their ability to self-assemble and thus resemble the form of virus particles, are gaining traction among plant-based candidate vaccines against many infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the main zoonotic diseases and followed the progress in using plant expression systems for the production of recombinant proteins and VLPs used in the development of plant-based vaccines against zoonotic viruses.

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Emerging trends of edible vaccine therapy for combating human diseases especiallyCOVID‐19: Pros, cons, and future challenges

Khalid

Tahir

Ellahi

et al. 2022

Phytotherapy Research

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The researchers are still doing efforts to develop an effective, reliable, and easily accessible vaccine candidate to protect against COVID‐19. As of the August 2020, nearly 30 conventional vaccines have been emerged in clinical trials, and more than 200 vaccines are in various development stages. Nowadays, plants are also considered as a potential source for the production of monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, drugs, immunomodulatory proteins, as well as used as bioreactors or factories for their bulk production. The scientific evidences enlighten that plants are the rich source of oral vaccines, which can be given either by eating the edible parts of plants and/or by oral administration of highly refined proteins. The use of plant‐based edible vaccines is an emerging trend as it possesses minimum or no side effects compared with synthetic vaccines. This review article gives insights into different types of vaccines, the use of edible vaccines, advantages of edible vaccines over conventional vaccines, and mechanism of action of edible vaccines. This review article also focuses on the applications of edible vaccines in wide‐range of human diseases especially against COVID‐19 with emphasis on future perspectives of the use of edible vaccines.

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Producing Vaccines against Enveloped Viruses in Plants: Making the Impossible, Difficult

Cited by 25 publications

References 190 publications

Development and Optimization of an Enzyme Immunoassay to Detect Serum Antibodies against the Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs, Using Plant-Derived ORF2 Recombinant Protein

Development and Optimization of an Enzyme Immunoassay to Detect Serum Antibodies against the Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs, Using Plant-Derived ORF2 Recombinant Protein

Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Zoonotic Viruses

Emerging trends of edible vaccine therapy for combating human diseases especiallyCOVID‐19: Pros, cons, and future challenges

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