Production Deployment Tools for IaaSes: An Overall Model and Survey

Abstract

Abstract-Emerging applications for the Internet of Things (IoT) are complex programs which are composed of multiple modules (or services). For scalability, reliability and performance, modular applications are distributed on infrastructures that support utility computing (e.g., Cloud, Fog). In order to simply operate such infrastructures, an Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) manager is required. OpenStack is the de-facto open-source solution to address the IaaS level of the Cloud paradigm. However, OpenStack is itself a large modular application composed of more than 150 modules that make it hard to deploy manually.To fully understand how IaaSes are deployed today, we propose in this paper an overall model of the application deployment process which describes each step with their interactions. This model then serves as the basis to analyse five different deployment tools used to deploy OpenStack in production: Kolla, Enos, Juju, Kubernetes, and TripleO. Finally, a comparison is provided and the results are discussed to extend this analysis.

How do companies collaborate in open source ecosystems?

“…There are eight clusters (25%) in which the majority of projects are related to deployment tools, and the core companies share the same strategy (FS), i.e., making prot through providing cloud computing service based on OpenStack. As pointed out by prior studies [15,67], a primary problem faced by OpenStack is how to deploy various cloud services in production environments. This is a critical feature and might explain why companies make contributions to deployment tools within the ecosystem.…”

PALANTIR: An NFV-Based Security-as-a-Service Approach for Automating Threat Mitigation

“…In addition to the SCHI, the SO is tightly integrated with an implementation of the NFV MANO component in the ETSI NFV architecture, named Open Source MANO (OSM) [ 50 ]. The MANO brings the orchestration logic to manage and oversee all the deployed NFV-based services, providing the SO with built-in integration with different VIMs such as OpenStack, as well as with tools in the NFVI that relate to (i) orchestration, typically Kubernetes (K8s) either running at public or on-premises clouds; and (ii) cloud frameworks that can, amongst others, enact the Day-0, Day-1 and Day-2 cloud-based configuration actions (i.e., via Juju [ 51 ] charms). In this integration with the ETSI NFV MANO, some ETSI NFV interfaces (or reference points) are specially relevant, as shown in Figure 1 ): (i) the Or-Vi allows the MANO to communicate with the resources in the SCHI, whereas (ii) the Ve-Vnfm enables it to remotely execute the cloud-based configuration actions on the running SC instances.…”

Reconsidering the Relationship Between Cloud Computing and Cloud Manufacturing

“…Many solutions are appearing to address such a situation. These solutions consist in the automation of the deployment of IaaS components onto distributed computers [3] (Juju 3 , Kubernetes 4 [18], TripleO 5 , etc.). The weird and touchy part of deployment automation is that such a system is close to a IaaS system itself (as a IaaS is responsible for the deployment and management of virtual machines), but the system can be much lighter than a IaaS as all Cloud-related parts of a IaaS do not need to be handled.…”

“…However, research challenges also arise from the design of Fog and Edge infrastructures, particularly when dealing with massively geo-distributed control building blocks of IaaSes for very heterogeneous resources [3,8].…”