2021
DOI: 10.3390/life11060556
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Profiling and Characterization of Localized Cytokine Response in Congenital Cleft Affected Lip Tissue

Abstract: (1) Background: Despite cleft lips and palates belonging to the most common orofacial congenital anomalies, their morphopathogenesis is not yet fully understood. The study aimed to determine the distribution and relation of cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-12, and IL-13 in the cleft affected mucosa of the lip. (2) Materials and Methods: Twenty cleft lip (CL) mucosal samples and seven control tissues of oral cavity mucosa were included in the stud… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…The non-invasive sampling method using tongue smear samples was chosen due to several reasons. So far, two invasive methods were used to analyse cytokine concentrations in infants with OFC: 1) Two previous studies ( 23 , 24 ) collected lip tissue during cleft surgery in infants (3-18 months of age) to investigate cytokine concentrations, but lacked an adequate control group since surgical collection of lip tissue from healthy neonates would be ethically inacceptable. 2) One study investigated cytokine concentrations and osteocalcin in peripheral blood samples collected from children with OFC (0-12 months, 1-3 years, 4-9 years, 10-15 years; n=80) compared to an age-matched control group (n=10/per age group) ( 63 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The non-invasive sampling method using tongue smear samples was chosen due to several reasons. So far, two invasive methods were used to analyse cytokine concentrations in infants with OFC: 1) Two previous studies ( 23 , 24 ) collected lip tissue during cleft surgery in infants (3-18 months of age) to investigate cytokine concentrations, but lacked an adequate control group since surgical collection of lip tissue from healthy neonates would be ethically inacceptable. 2) One study investigated cytokine concentrations and osteocalcin in peripheral blood samples collected from children with OFC (0-12 months, 1-3 years, 4-9 years, 10-15 years; n=80) compared to an age-matched control group (n=10/per age group) ( 63 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Regarding local cytokine concentrations in tongue smear samples from neonates with OFC, we found significantly higher levels of TNF, IL1-β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 compared to controls at both time points. A study comparing lip tissue from infants with OFC (3-18 months) during cleft surgery compared to mucosal tissue gained during extraction therapy from adolescents with hyperdontia (non-age-matched control) showed a higher concentration of TNF in lip tissue from neonates with OFC compared to adolescent controls without OFC ( 24 ). Another study investigating lip tissue from infants with OFC (4-14 months) during cleft surgery without a control group, found overall highest concentrations of TNF compared to other measured cytokines in lip tissue from neonates with OFC ( 23 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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