Prognostic Factors for Cure, Recurrence and Long-Term Survival After Surgical Resection of Thymoma

Safieddine, Najib; Liu, Geoffrey; Cuningham, Kris; Tsao, Ming; Hwang, David; Brade, Anthony; Bezjak, Andrea; Fischer, Stefan; Xu, Wei; Azad, S.; Cypel, Marcelo; Darling, Gail; Yasufuku, K.; Pierre, Andrew; Perrot, Marc de; Waddell, Tom; Keshavjee, Shaf

doi:10.1097/jto.0000000000000215

Cited by 111 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…To evaluate risk factors associated with overall survival (OS), known variables [12,13] were analyzed. Survival time was measured from surgery to the date of death or lost follow up.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical status of PD-L1 in thymoma and thymic carcinoma

Katsuya

Fujita²,

Horinouchi³

et al. 2015

Lung Cancer

158

125

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“…To evaluate risk factors associated with overall survival (OS), known variables [12,13] were analyzed. Survival time was measured from surgery to the date of death or lost follow up.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical status of PD-L1 in thymoma and thymic carcinoma

Katsuya

Fujita²,

Horinouchi³

et al. 2015

Lung Cancer

158

125

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“…There is no sex predilection in TETs. 1,[4][5][6] Thymic epithelial tumors can be classified according to their histopathologic features or staged based on the presence and extent of invasion, implants, lymph node involvement, and/or distant metastases. At least 24 histomorphologic classifications and 14 staging systems have been proposed within the last century (Table 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Classification of Thymic Epithelial Tumors in the Era of Dr Thomas V. Colby

Roden¹

2017

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Numerous histomorphologic and staging classifications of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) have been proposed during the last century, suggesting that the classification of these tumors is challenging and controversial. Difficulties of classifying TETs include various combinations of epithelial cells and lymphocytes and the paucity of these tumors. The prognostic significance, specifically of the histomorphologic classifications, has been debated. Early classifications were also challenged by the uncertainty of the neoplastic component(s) of the tumor.Objective.-To discuss the evolution of the histomorphologic classification and the staging system of TET. Controversies and problems of some classifications and their importance for therapeutic management and prognosis will be reviewed. Classifications that incorporated new concepts and approaches at the time or outcome studies will be highlighted. Current classifications will be discussed and the staging system that was recently proposed for the upcoming eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer staging will be described.Data Sources.-Search of literature database (PubMed) and current (2015) World Health Organization classification.Conclusions.-Histomorphologic and staging classifications of TET have evolved during the last century and especially during the era of Thomas V. Colby, MD. Evidence supports that the staging system has prognostic implications independent of and superior to the histomorphologic classification. Histomorphology appears to be important for biologic features of TET.

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“…Several studies have investigated the diagnostic relevance of molecular markers, but only few have analyzed the influence on invasion and metastasis (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Also, many researchers excluded patients with TCs or aggressive forms of thymoma with metastatic spread (4,10,16,18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Masaoka-Koga staging system indicates the invasiveness of the tumor, TETs with stage I being completely encapsulated and with stage IVB showing lymphatic or hematogenous metastasis (8). The prognosis of TETs is variable with a 5-and 10-year overall survival (OS) of 95% and 91% for thymoma and 60% and 40% for TC, respectively (9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of immunohistochemical markers in malignant thymic epithelial tumors

et al. 2016

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Background: Thymic epithelial tumors (TET) are rare neoplasms with inconsistent treatment strategies.When researching for molecular pathways to find new therapies, the correlation between specific molecular markers and outcome has only rarely been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between survival, metastatic potential and invasiveness of aggressive subtypes of TET and immunohistochemical markers. Methods: Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and metastasisfree survival (MFS) of patients with WHO type B2/B3 mixed type thymoma (MT), thymoma type B3 (B3) and thymic carcinoma (TC), undergoing surgery [1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] were determined. Tumor specimens were stained using a tissue microarray (TMA) (CD117, CD5, p63, p40, p21, p27, p53, Bcl-2, Ki67, podoplanin, synaptophysin, PTEN and Pax8). Invasive behavior of primary tumors and the presence of extrathoracic metastases were assessed. Results: We found in 23 patients included into this study (four MT, ten B3, nine TC) that (I) p21 expression in the cytoplasm significantly correlated with a decrease of OS (P=0.016), PFS (P=0.034) and MFS (P=0.005); (II) MFS was significantly shorter when the combination of p21-low p27-low p53-high was present (P=0.029); and (III) nuclear p27 (P=0.042), Ki-67 (P=0.024) and podoplanin (P=0.05) expression correlated with the presence of extrathoracic metastases. Conclusions: The main finding of this study is that cytoplasmic p21 expression negatively influences the outcome of malignant TETs and correlates with metastatic activity. Additionally, selected immunohistochemical markers correlate with the distant metastatic potential of TETs. These results may contribute to the stratification of diagnosis and improvement of treatment strategies for thymic malignancies.

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Prognostic Factors for Cure, Recurrence and Long-Term Survival After Surgical Resection of Thymoma

Cited by 111 publications

References 21 publications

Immunohistochemical status of PD-L1 in thymoma and thymic carcinoma

Immunohistochemical status of PD-L1 in thymoma and thymic carcinoma

Evolution of Classification of Thymic Epithelial Tumors in the Era of Dr Thomas V. Colby

Prognostic value of immunohistochemical markers in malignant thymic epithelial tumors

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