Prognostic Histopathological and Molecular Markers on Prostate Cancer Needle-Biopsies: A Review

Hoogland, A. Marije; Kweldam, Charlotte F.; Leenders, Geert J.L.H. van

doi:10.1155/2014/341324

Cited by 51 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Prostate cancer is often multifocal. It is generally accepted that the GS determines the prognosis, the lesion with the highest score has the poorest prognosis (23). Correlation of imaging with histopathology is critical for validation and for establishing the utility of novel imaging biomarkers (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Prostate Cancer: Association of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Parameters with Histopathologic Findings

et al. 2016

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Background: Prostate cancer continues to be diagnosed with increasing frequency. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) has a favorable correlation with prostatectomy histopathology findings. These advanced functional imaging techniques may help increase the sensitivity of prostate cancer detection and the accuracy of predicting the Gleason score (GS), which is a measure of cancer aggressiveness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Prostate Cancer: Association of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Parameters with Histopathologic Findings

et al. 2016

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“…Biopsy has also been earlier shown to be superior to PSA assessment for disease progression measurement . Thus, in general, there should be low resistance for obtaining biopsies to guide decision making for management of PA. Only scant studies have attempted to evaluate the stroma in PA, especially under conditions of the diagnostic dilemma .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray level entropy matrix is a superior predictor than multiplex ELISA in the detection of reactive stroma and metastatic potential of high‐grade prostatic adenocarcinoma

2014

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Recent reports have indicated that not only the primary glandular tissue but also the surrounding stromal tissue plays an active role in the progression of carcinoma. Such is true for cancer tissues arising in the prostate. However, the precise role of stromal tissue in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate adenocarcinoma is not well described. We undertook this current investigation to examine the changes in orientation of the extracellular matrix and correlate with prostatic cancer progression. We used a novel form of image analysis called gray level entropy matrix (GLEM) texture analysis to evaluate morphometric changes in stromal tissues. We used normal prostatic tissue obtained from cadaveric specimen and compared with BPH, prostatic intraepithelium neoplastic, hormone responsive prostatic adenocarcinoma and castration-resistant prostatic adenocarcinoma tissues. GLEM showed higher entropy in diseaseresistant prostatic tissues, compared with benign forms of all spectra of pathologically diagnosed prostatic tissues (P < 0.05, ANOVA, between groups). Higher entropy is reflective of the disorganized morphological organization of the stroma, possibly reflecting the reactive matrix. In contrast, ELISA revealed that although individually correlated with the progressive stages of benign and carcinomatous prostatic tissues and trend correlation between groups, intergroup comparisons failed to arrive at statistical significance of comparisons between markers of neovasculogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor, epithelialmesenchymal transition (beta1-integrin, E-cadherin, MMP3) and osteogenic metastasis (RANKL and osteoprotegerin). The results of our study demonstrate the potential of GLEM entropy of gray level pixel in providing quasiquantitative estimate of a reactive stroma in advance stages of prostatic adenocarcinoma and thus can be routinely used in clinical decision making. V C 2015 IUBMB Life, 66(12):847-853, 2014

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“…Veliki postotak pacijenata, njih 55 -90 % s takvim insignifikatnim tumorom danas se još uvijek liječi radikalnom prostatektomijom iako bi aktivni nadzor kao alternativni pristup bolesti bio primjereniji. Drugo je pitanje prepoznavanje lokaliziranog karcinoma koji je klinički značajan i sigurno će izazvati metastatku bolest te zahtijeva liječenje 13 . Danas se koristi veliki broj prognostič-kih čimbenika opisanih uglavnom na uzorcima radikalne prostatektomije.…”

Section: Patohistološki Nalazunclassified

“…Postotak Gleasonova gradusa 4/5 u iglenoj biopsiji ima prognostičku vrijednost, kao i arhitekturni oblici i način rasta u Gleasonovoj 4 histološkoj slici, posebice kribriformni i/ili intraduktalni rast (karcinom). Ova zapažanja predstavljaju obećava-juće patohistološke markere ali je potrebna daljnja validacija kroz studije da bi se potvrdili kao stvarni pokazatelji prognoze 13 . Kvantitativna patohistologija, uz PSA nalaz i Gleasonov gradus, koristi se pri odabiru liječenja.…”

Section: Tip Tumoraunclassified

Pathohistological diagnosis of prostate cancer

2017

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Sažetak. Rak prostate najčešći je malignom u muškaraca u Europi i SAD-u, raznolik u kliničkoj prezentaciji, patohistološkoj slici, obrascima rasta i širenja. Kada se rak prostate otkrije u ranom stadiju postotak izlječenja je visok. Definitivna verifikacija je patohistološka s individualnom procjenom agresivnog potencijala tumora kroz prognostičke parametre kao što su Gleasonov gradus/gradusna skupina, postotak i broj zahvaćenih cilindara tumorom u iglenoj biopsiji, stadij i pozitivan rub kod prostatektomije. Ovi čimbenici danas značajno utječu na izbor i protokole terapija, ali u ranom stadiju ne mogu prepoznati lokalizirani, klinički značajan karcinom koji će sigurno izazvati metastatku bolest te zahtijeva liječenje. Stoga su se istraživanja danas usredotočila na molekularne biomarkere koji su važni u prognozi, patogenezi te kao ciljne molekule za moguću terapiju. Članak pridonosi boljem razumijevanju patohistološkog nalaza i novih činjenica u molekularnoj patogenezi tumora, što je važno za zbrinjavanje pacijenata s rakom prostate.Ključne riječi: karcinom prostate; molekularni biomarkeri; prognostički čimbenici Abstract. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male cancer in Europe and the US. The early diagnosis relies on prostate specific antigen serum test, digito-rectal and ultrasound exmination. Definitive verification is pathohistological with individual assesment of aggressiveness of the tumor potential through prognostic parameters such as Gleason gradus/grade groups, percentage and number of affected cilinders in the biopsy, stage and positive margins in prostatectomy. These parameters significantly affect the choice and protocol of therapies but can not identify a localized, clinically significant cancer that will certainly cause metastatic disease and require treatment. Therefore, researchers focused on molecular biomarkers that are important in prognosis, pathogenesis, and as a target molecules for possible therapy. The article contributes to a better understanding of the pathohistological findings and new facts about the molecular pathogenesis of tumors, which are important for the care of patients with prostate cancer.

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Prognostic Histopathological and Molecular Markers on Prostate Cancer Needle-Biopsies: A Review

Cited by 51 publications

References 117 publications

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Prostate Cancer: Association of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Parameters with Histopathologic Findings

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Prostate Cancer: Association of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Parameters with Histopathologic Findings

Gray level entropy matrix is a superior predictor than multiplex ELISA in the detection of reactive stroma and metastatic potential of high‐grade prostatic adenocarcinoma

Pathohistological diagnosis of prostate cancer

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