Programming effect of dietary fatty acids on performance of Holstein heifers from birth through first lactation

García, M.; Greco, L.F.; Block, E.; Santos, J.E.P.; Thatcher, W.W.; Staples, C.R.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.10.003

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…fat supplementation) on post-birth calf metabolism cannot be ruled out. Indeed, others have also reported this potential mechanism with strategic feeding of FA during uterine life in dairy (37,38) and beef cattle (39,40) .…”

Section: Effect Of Prepartum Dietsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of supplementation fat during the last 3 weeks of uterine life and the preweaning period on performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, passive immunity and health of the newborn calf

et al. 2019

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing essential fatty acids (FA), during late gestation and the preweaning and early weaning periods on passive immunity, growth, health, rumen fermentation parameters, blood metabolites and behaviour of dairy calves. During the last 3 weeks of pregnancy, cattle (n 120), within parity, were randomly assigned to one of three diets with different fat supplements: (a) no supplemental fat (CON), (b) supplement rich in linoleic acid (CSO), or (c) supplement rich in EPA and DHA (CFO). Eighty-four newborn Holstein calves were randomly assigned, within the prepartum diets, to one of two calf starters: no fat supplement (FC-0) or 2 % Ca-salt of unsaturated FA (FC-2). Overall, the interaction between dam diets and calf starters did not affect calf performance or any other parameter measured. Calves born from dams fed fat (CSO or CFO) performed better than calves born from dams fed CON. Namely, calves born from dams fed fat had greater plasma concentrations of IgG (P < 0·01), better apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (P < 0·01) and average daily gain (ADG, 597 v. 558 g/d; P = 0·02), and lower rectal temperature (RT; P < 0·01). Calves fed a calf starter rich in unsaturated FA (FC-2) had greater (P ≤ 0·01) ADG, skeletal growth, feed efficiency, and weaning weight compared with FC-0-fed calves. Furthermore, calves fed FC-2 had lower RT during the pre- and post-weaning periods (P ≤ 0·04) and fewer days with diarrhoea (P < 0·001) compared with calves fed CF-0. Time spent eating, ruminating, standing, lying, and on non-nutritive oral behaviour did not differ by treatment. Similarly, treatments did not affect ruminal fermentation parameters. At 28 and 77 d of age, calves fed CF-2 had higher plasma concentrations of albumin and cholesterol (P ≤ 0·02) and lower urea N compared with calves fed CF-0. Plasma concentrations of alkaline phosphatase were higher in calves fed CF-2 compared with those fed CF-0, when they were 77 d old. These findings support feeding moderate amounts of long-chain PUFA during late uterine life or during the preweaning period have beneficial effects on calf metabolism, growth, and health performance.

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Section: Effect Of Prepartum Dietsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of supplementation fat during the last 3 weeks of uterine life and the preweaning period on performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, passive immunity and health of the newborn calf

et al. 2019

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“…As hypothesized, type of milk and pasteurization not only influenced short-term responses, but they also affected productivity in the first lactation. It has been previously reported that in utero but not a preweaning nutritional strategy (supplementation of essential fatty acids) affected number of AI and age at first calving (Garcia et al, 2016). Similarly, others have reported that although greater intake of milk solids preweaning improved ADG, it did not affect age at puberty (Lage et al, 2017).…”

Section: Performance Through the First Lactationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Indeed, recent meta-analyses reported a relationship between preweaning nutrition and management on milk production for one or more lactations (Soberon et al, 2012;Gelsinger et al, 2016). Although the physiological connections between improved AGD and future milk production have not been fully elucidated, improved development of the mammary parenchymal tissue by a higher plane of nutrition is a reasonable explanation (Garcia et al, 2016). Brown et al (2005) fed a higher plane of nutrition via MR and grain to preweaned heifers from 2 to 8 wk of age and reported increased ADG (0.67 kg/d) compared with heifers fed a lesser plane of nutrition (0.38 kg/d).…”

Section: Performance Through the First Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of milk feeding strategies on short- and long-term productivity of Holstein heifers

García

Montgomery

Moisá

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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Research investigating the effects of feeding raw or pasteurized nonsaleable milk (NSM) on heifers' performance beyond the period of supplementation is limited. This study aimed to examine the effects of type of milk [NSM or milk replacer (MR)] and pasteurization of NSM on preweaning and first-lactation performance of heifers born with low (<36.3 kg) or normal birth weight (≥36.3 kg). Holstein heifers (n = 154) were sequentially assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: MR, pasteurized NSM, or raw NSM. Heifers assigned to raw NSM were fed raw colostrum, whereas heifers assigned to MR and pasteurized NSM were fed pasteurized colostrum. The low birth weight heifers were fed 1.4 L at each feeding until they reached 36.3 kg body weight, whereas normal birth weight heifers were fed 1.9 L at each feeding. A grain mix starter was offered throughout the study. Heifers were weaned ≥42 d old if consuming at least 0.9 kg/d of starter for 3 consecutive days. Data were analyzed with the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC), and the basic model included milk treatments, birth weight group, and treatment × birth weight group. The low birth weight heifers fed raw colostrum and NSM versus pasteurized colostrum and NSM had lower serum protein concentrations. Heifers fed MR versus NSM had or tended to have greater concentrations of hematocrit, red blood cells, and eosinophils but lesser concentrations of platelets, although some of those responses were temporary. Pasteurization tended to increase blood lymphocyte concentrations. Heifers with normal birth weight had greater concentrations of blood neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, compared with low birth weight heifers. For the first 42 d of life, low birth weight heifers fed pasteurized versus raw NSM had greater weight gain, grain intake, and feed efficiency and were weaned earlier (hazard ratio for weaning by 56 d: 2.90). These pasteurization effects for low birth weight heifers tended to be sustained through 24 wk of age, indicated by greater weight gain and hip height growth. In their first lactation, low birth weight heifers produced less mature-equivalent (MEq) protein and tended to produce less MEq milk and fat than normal birth weight heifers. However, the negative effects of low birth weight on MEq milk and fat yield was only evident in heifers fed raw NSM, whereas the performance of low birth weight heifers was similar to that of normal birth weight when fed MR or pasteurized NSM. These findings confirm that calf management practices influence future performance; in this case, failing to pasteurize milk and colostrum for low birth weight heifers had effects that remained apparent for more than 2 years.

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Fish oil supplementation as an omega-3 fatty acid source during gestation: effects on the performance of weaned male goat kids

Erez

Serbester

2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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In this study, sh oil was used as an omega-3 fatty acids source in pregnant goat's rations in the different periods of pregnancy on mature male offsprings performance. Forty-seven male goat kids (84.6 ± 2.44 days or days old; 14.5 ± 3.09 kg body weight) were housed in individual pens and to evaluate live weight, feed consumption, serum biochemical parameters, carcass performance and meat quality characteristics for 56 days. Supplementation of sh oil to Anaç goats dam ration during the gestation periods decreased the fattening live weight and increased feed consumption (p=0.09), while body weight and feed conversion rates were not affected by experimental treatments (p=0.62, p=0.90). Fish oil increased serum AST, glucose, total protein, and globulin concentrations (p=0.02, p=0.01, p=0.03, p=0.02), while decreased heptadecanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and total mono-and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in M. longissimus dorsi muscle (p=0. 09, p=0.03, p=0.10, p=0.02, p=0.02, p=0.09). As a result, it has been thought that the use of liquid sh oil as an omega-3 source in goat's ration during gestation may negatively affect the fetal development of male kids, but it has the ability to eliminate this negativity by improving post-weaning performance. Determination of Biochemical ParametersIndividual blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis with serum tubes containing gel (9 ml, Ayset, Turkey) before morning feeding at the beginning (day 1), middle (day 28) and end (day 56) of the fattening period.The collected blood samples were transported to the Department of Feeds and Animal Nutrition Laboratory rapidity, where they were centrifuged at 4°C and 4000 rpm for 15 minutes (Universal 320R, Hettich, Germany), and the obtained sera were transferred into 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes with the protocol number, and they were stored at -20°C until analyses. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, albumin, total protein, total cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, magnesium, calcium concentrations in sera were detected on a biochemistry analyzer (BS-120 Vet, Mindray, China) with the commercially available kits provided by the manufacturer of the analyzer.Globulin level was calculated by subtracting albumin value from total protein value. Collection of Data Related to Carcass and Meat QualityAt the end of the fattening period, 5 kids from each treatment group having live weight close to mean live weight were slaughtered in a private slaughterhouse.After slaughter, slaughter weight, skin, heart + lung (set), liver and hot carcass weights were recorded. The carcasses were stored at +4°C for 24 hours in a cold storage room. At the end of this period, cold carcass, fat around kidneys, cervical (neck), thigh, shoulder head, arm, lumbar (waist) and ank weights were determined (Darcan et al, 2006;Atay et al, 2007).Color, pH, texture and fatty acid analyses were performed on 15 gr muscle samples take...

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Programming effect of dietary fatty acids on performance of Holstein heifers from birth through first lactation

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of supplementation fat during the last 3 weeks of uterine life and the preweaning period on performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, passive immunity and health of the newborn calf

Effect of supplementation fat during the last 3 weeks of uterine life and the preweaning period on performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, passive immunity and health of the newborn calf

Effects of milk feeding strategies on short- and long-term productivity of Holstein heifers

Fish oil supplementation as an omega-3 fatty acid source during gestation: effects on the performance of weaned male goat kids

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