Progress in Dental Adhesive Materials

Abstract

There have been significant advances in adhesive dentistry in recent decades, with efforts being made to improve the mechanical and bonding properties of resin-based dental adhesive materials. Various attempts have been made to achieve versatility, introducing functional monomers and silanes into the materials’ composition to enable the chemical reaction with tooth structure and restorative materials and a multimode use. The novel adhesive materials also tend to be simpler in terms of clinical use, requiring reduced number of steps, making them less technique sensitive. However, these materials must also be reliable and have a long-lasting bond with different substrates. In order to fulfill these arduous tasks, different chemical constituents and different techniques are continuously being developed and introduced into dental adhesive materials. This critical review aims to discuss the concepts behind novel monomers, bioactive molecules, and alternative techniques recently implemented in adhesive dentistry. Incorporating monomers that are more resistant to hydrolytic degradation and functional monomers that enhance the micromechanical retention and improve chemical interactions between adhesive resin materials and various substrates improved the performance of adhesive materials. The current trend is to blend bioactive molecules into adhesive materials to enhance the mechanical properties and prevent endogenous enzymatic degradation of the dental substrate, thus ensuring the longevity of resin–dentin bonds. Moreover, alternative etching materials and techniques have been developed to address the drawbacks of phosphoric acid dentin etching. Altogether, we are witnessing a dynamic era in adhesive dentistry, with advancements aiming to bring us closer to simple and reliable bonding. However, simplification and novelty should not be achieved at the expense of material properties.

Bond Strength of Sandblasted PEEK with Dental Methyl Methacrylate-Based Cement or Composite-Based Resin Cement

“…Adhesive primers are known to play an important role in enhancing the bond strengths between restorative materials and resin cements. In the case of commercial adhesive primers, these materials contain organic solvents and several functional monomers that chemically react with both the resin cement and restorative material surface [34]. The adhesive primers used in the current study contain one or more of the following functional monomers: MDP, γ-MPTS, 4-META, MTU-6, or VTD (VBATDT).…”

Machine Learning Analysis of Microtensile Bond Strength of Dental Adhesives

“…Our findings demonstrate that the machine learning approach can predict the µTBS class of dental adhesives with a good accuracy of >80% using only 4 chemical features (MDP, pH, OS, and HEMA). Given data availability, additional features can be investigated in the future, including other monomers, component quantity and ratio, selective-etch, etching time, silane, application steps, pretreatments, bioactive compounds, and so on (Cadenaro et al 2023). The goal of dental adhesives is to provide long-lasting bond durability for dental restorations in clinical settings.…”

Selective adhesive luting: A novel technique for improving adhesion achieved by universal resin cements

“…Universal resin cements (URCs) represent the latest novelty in dental adhesive industry 10,11 . These materials can be used either in the self‐adhesive mode or in combination with their respective adhesive system, 12 depending on the clinical situation and dentist's preference.…”