Progressive Outer Retinal Necrosis Secondary to Varicella Zoster Virus in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Greven, Craig M.; Ford, Jerry G.; Stanton, Constance A.; Shogreen, Marie R.; Feldman, Steve; Pegram, Samuel; Slusher, M. Madison

doi:10.1097/00006982-199515010-00003

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…PORN is a highly destructive and rapidly progressive variant of ARN found almost exclusively in immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS patients with low CD4+ T-lymphocytes count 75,94,191,241 or posttransplant recipients. 114,128,244 The demographic factors and clinical characteristics of PORN are found in Table 7.…”

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…114,128,244 The demographic factors and clinical characteristics of PORN are found in Table 7. 75,114,128,191,241,244 PORN occurs in people between the ages of 20 to 50 years, has a male predominance, and is usually bilateral. 75,114,128,191,241,244 …”

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…75,104,114,128,191,241,244 There is minimal nongranulomatous anterior uveitis and vitri-tis. 191,241 Extensive multifocal necrotizing chorioretinitis begins at the posterior pole and spreads toward the peripheral retina.…”

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-thirds of eyes progress to no light perception. 57,75,128,191,241,244 PORN tends to have a worse prognosis than ARN because PORN does not respond as well to antiviral therapy. Complications of PORN include retinal detachment in 70% of cases, optic disk edema or atrophy, vitreous hemorrhage, macular edema, and involvement of the fellow eye.…”

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral posterior uveitis

Lee

Agarwal

Mahendradas

et al. 2017

Survey of Ophthalmology

111

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The causes of posterior uveitis can be divided into infectious, autoimmune, or masquerade syndromes. Viral infections, a significant cause of sight-threatening ocular diseases in the posterior segment, include human herpesviruses, measles, rubella, and arboviruses such as dengue, West Nile, and chikungunya virus. Viral posterior uveitis may occur as an isolated ocular disease in congenital or acquired infections or as part of a systemic viral illness. Many viruses remain latent in the infected host with a risk of reactivation that depends on various factors, including virulence and host immunity, age, and comorbidities. Although some viral illnesses are self-limiting and have a good visual prognosis, others, such as cytomegalovirus retinitis or acute retinal necrosis, may result in serious complications and profound vision loss. Since some of these infections may respond well to antiviral therapy, it is important to work up all cases of posterior uveitis to rule out an infectious etiology. We review the clinical features, diagnostic tools, treatment regimens, and long-term outcomes for each of these viral posterior uveitides.

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Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viral Posterior Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Viral posterior uveitis

Lee

Agarwal

Mahendradas

et al. 2017

Survey of Ophthalmology

111

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“…The ocular manifestations of herpes VZV gE and gI are glycoproteins of the virion envelope that zoster include acute and chronic forms of keratitis, uveitis, and form a non-covalently linked complex [15][16][17]. The biochemical retinitis [3,4]. VZV is also associated with acute retinal necroanalysis of these envelope components has been aided by their sis, which can cause retinal detachment in both immunocompeproduction as recombinant proteins [16][17][18].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoproteins E and I: Immunologic Responses and Clearance of Virus in a Guinea Pig Model of Chronic Uveitis

Kimura

Wang

Pesnicak

et al. 1998

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Guinea pigs immunized with recombinant varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoproteins E (gE) and I (gI) developed antigen-specific antibodies in the sera, vitreous, and conjunctival washes. Sera from immunized animals neutralized both cell-free and cell-associated VZV, and peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferated in vitro in response to recombinant gE and gI and to antigens from VZV-infected cells. Immunized guinea pigs were inoculated intravitreally with VZV, which induces chronic uveitis. VZV DNA was more rapidly cleared and infectious VZV was isolated less frequently from the retinas of animals immunized with gE and gI compared with that in controls receiving adjuvant alone. Nonetheless, cellular infiltrates in the vitreous, retina, and choroid were prevalent 21 days after VZV inoculation in both the adjuvant-alone- and gE-gI-immunized animals. Immunization with VZV gE and gI induced potent humoral and cellular responses that accelerated the clearance of VZV DNA and may neutralize virus within the eye.

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