Prokaryotic assemblages within permafrost active layer at Edmonson Point (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica)

Papale, Maria; Conte, Antonella; Mikkonen, Anu; Michaud, Luigi; Ferla, Rosabruna La; Azzaro, Maurizio; Caruso, Gabriella; Paranhos, Rodolfo; Anderson, Sarah; Maimone, Giovanna; Rappazzo, Alessandro Ciro; Rizzo, Carmen; Spanò, Nunziacarla; Giudice, Angelina Lo; Guglielmin, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.004

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Calibration curves with the standards 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (MCA) or 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF) were performed for LAP or for β-GLU and AP, respectively. Results were elaborated and expressed as described in Papale et al [44] and references therein [45,46,47]. Cell-specific enzymatic activity was determined by normalizing the total (bulk) enzymatic activity to the prokaryotic cell abundance, taking into account the initial dilution of the brine samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracted DNAs were used to amplify the V1-V2 region of 16S rRNA gene of Bacteria (primers 27f 5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3′ and 338 5′-GCT GCC TCC CGT AGG AGT -3′) and the most conserved V3-V4 region of Archaea (primers ARC344f 5′-ACGGGGYGCAGCAGGCGCGA-3′ and 693r 5′-GGATTACARGATTTC-3′). Two PCR amplifications (in duplicate) were performed according to Papale et al [44]. Briefly, in order to reduce biases in massive sequencing, a two-step PCR protocol was applied: the first step consisted of a conventional PCR, and then amplicons were used as templates in the second PCR with barcoded primers for Ion Torrent sequencing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Assemblages in Pressurized Antarctic Brine Pockets (Tarn Flat, Northern Victoria Land): A Hotspot of Biodiversity and Activity

et al. 2019

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Two distinct pressurized hypersaline brine pockets (named TF4 and TF5), separated by a thin ice layer, were detected below an ice-sealed Antarctic lake. Prokaryotic (bacterial and archaeal) diversity, abundances (including virus-like particles) and metabolic profiles were investigated by an integrated approach, including traditional and new-generation methods. Although similar diversity indices were computed for both Bacteria and Archaea, distinct bacterial and archaeal assemblages were observed. Bacteroidetes and Gammaproteobacteria were more abundant in the shallowest brine pocket, TF4, and Deltaproteobacteria, mainly represented by versatile sulphate-reducing bacteria, dominated in the deepest, TF5. The detection of sulphate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic Archaea likely reflects the presence of a distinct synthrophic consortium in TF5. Surprisingly, members assigned to hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota were common to both brines, indicating that these cold habitats host the most thermally tolerant Archaea. The patterns of microbial communities were different, coherently with the observed microbiological diversity between TF4 and TF5 brines. Both the influence exerted by upward movement of saline brines from a sub-surface anoxic system and the possible occurrence of an ancient ice remnant from the Ross Ice Shelf were the likely main factors shaping the microbial communities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Assemblages in Pressurized Antarctic Brine Pockets (Tarn Flat, Northern Victoria Land): A Hotspot of Biodiversity and Activity

et al. 2019

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“…It has been suggested [ 46 ] that Burkholderiales, diazotropic Betaproteobacteria, may also play an important role in N input in newly colonized soils. Other taxa, including Actinobacteria (genus Streptomyces and family Frankeniaceae ) and Chloroflexi, are involved in nitrogen fixation in Antarctic soils [ 44 , 45 ], although their quantitative contributions are unknown.…”

Section: N-cycling Taxa In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils

et al. 2020

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The Antarctic continent is widely considered to be one of the most hostile biological habitats on Earth. Despite extreme environmental conditions, the ice-free areas of the continent, which constitute some 0.44% of the total continental land area, harbour substantial and diverse communities of macro-organisms and especially microorganisms, particularly in the more “hospitable” maritime regions. In the more extreme non-maritime regions, exemplified by the McMurdo Dry Valleys of South Victoria Land, nutrient cycling and ecosystem servicing processes in soils are largely driven by microbial communities. Nitrogen turnover is a cornerstone of ecosystem servicing. In Antarctic continental soils, specifically those lacking macrophytes, cold-active free-living diazotrophic microorganisms, particularly Cyanobacteria, are keystone taxa. The diazotrophs are complemented by heterotrophic bacterial and archaeal taxa which show the genetic capacity to perform elements of the entire N cycle, including nitrification processes such as the anammox reaction. Here, we review the current literature on nitrogen cycling genes, taxa, processes and rates from studies of Antarctic soils. In particular, we highlight the current gaps in our knowledge of the scale and contribution of these processes in south polar soils as critical data to underpin viable predictions of how such processes may alter under the impacts of future climate change.

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“…Nonetheless, a recent multi -omics approach (culture-independent technique) showed the prokaryotic community occurring within the active layer at Edmonson Point, an ice-free area on the eastern slope at the foot of Mount Melbourne (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica) [40]. The composition of this area—from more to less abundant—showed Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobia [40], while Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes have been more frequently reported through cultivation-based methods [17,34,41]. Interestingly, 16SrRNA sequencing and analysis revealed that anaerobic spore-forming Firmicutes have been shown to be the most abundant group in the Antarctic vascular plants rhizosphere [42].…”

Section: The Antarctic Environment Supports Varied Microbial Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Antarctic Research for Antimicrobial Discovery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Bacteria from Antarctic Environments as Potential Sources of Novel Antibiotic Compounds Against Human Pathogens and Microorganisms of Industrial Importance

Núñez-Montero

Barrientos

2018

Antibiotics

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The recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a critical public health problem. It is also a concern for industries, since multidrug-resistant microorganisms affect the production of many agricultural and food products of economic importance. Therefore, discovering new antibiotics is crucial for controlling pathogens in both clinical and industrial spheres. Most antibiotics have resulted from bioprospecting in natural environments. Today, however, the chances of making novel discoveries of bioactive molecules from various well-known sources have dramatically diminished. Consequently, unexplored and unique environments have become more likely avenues for discovering novel antimicrobial metabolites from bacteria. Due to their extreme polar environment, Antarctic bacteria in particular have been reported as a potential source for new antimicrobial compounds. We conducted a narrative review of the literature about findings relating to the production of antimicrobial compounds by Antarctic bacteria, showing how bacterial adaptation to extreme Antarctic conditions confers the ability to produce these compounds. We highlighted the diversity of antibiotic-producing Antarctic microorganisms, including the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, which has led to the identification of new antibiotic molecules and supports the belief that research on Antarctic bacterial strains has important potential for biotechnology applications, while providing a better understanding of polar ecosystems.

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Prokaryotic assemblages within permafrost active layer at Edmonson Point (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica)

Cited by 20 publications

References 96 publications

Microbial Assemblages in Pressurized Antarctic Brine Pockets (Tarn Flat, Northern Victoria Land): A Hotspot of Biodiversity and Activity

Microbial Assemblages in Pressurized Antarctic Brine Pockets (Tarn Flat, Northern Victoria Land): A Hotspot of Biodiversity and Activity

Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils

Advances in Antarctic Research for Antimicrobial Discovery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Bacteria from Antarctic Environments as Potential Sources of Novel Antibiotic Compounds Against Human Pathogens and Microorganisms of Industrial Importance

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