Prolapsus Gravidique: Facteurs de Risque, Complications et Prise en Charge en Afrique Sub-Saharienne

Abstract

Objective : The aim of this study was to address the sociodemographic characteristics, therapeutic aspects and prognosis of externalized uterine prolapse occurring for the first time during pregnancy. Patients and Methods : This was a prospective study over a period of 12 months (January 1 to December 31, 2021) focusing on patients treated for gravidarum prolapse. Results : Seven cases were recorded during the study period. The frequency of gravidarum prolapse was 2 cases/1000 deliveries in our department. The patients were young (28-31 years old), multiparous with an average age of 28.57 years and an average parity of four children. They were very young when they first gave birth (16-20 years old). Most of the risk factors described in the literature were found in our patients. Premature rupture of membranes (2 cases, 28.57%), chorioamnionitis (1 case, 14.28%), premature delivery (1 case, 14.28%), postpartum hemorrhage (1 case, 14.28%) and anemia (1 case, 14.28%) were the complications found. Conservative treatment was carried out in all patients (100%). The evolution was favorable with spontaneous regression of the prolapse in the immediate postpartum period in all our patients (100%). After six months of follow-up, the prolapses have not recurred. Conclusion : gravidarum prolapse is not exceptional in our context. Despite its distressing nature for the patient, her family and the obstetric team, a conservative attitude can be questioned when faced with a prolapse appearing for the first time during pregnancy in a young patient without any particular pathological history.