Promoción de la salud basada en activos: ¿cómo trabajar con esta perspectiva en intervenciones locales?

Abstract

An asset-based approach could be useful to revitalise health promotion or community health interventions combining work with multiple partnerships, positive health, community engagement, equity and orientation of health determinants. We set some recommendations about how to incorporate the assets model in programmes, projects and interventions in health promotion. Some techniques are described for assets mapping and some experiences with this methodology being developed in different regions are systematised. We propose the term "Asset-based Health Promotion/Community Health" as an operational definition to work at the local level with a community engagement and participatory approach, building alliances between different institutions at the state-regional level and trying to create a framework for action with the generation of evaluations and evidence to work on population interventions from the perspective of positive health.

Health-care users, key community informants and primary health care workers’ views on health, health promotion, health assets and deficits: qualitative study in seven Spanish regions

“…To obtain an exhaustive asset mapping [12, 32, 45] of the community resources, the views of the various collectives of that specific environment should be taken into consideration. Asset models emphasise the positive capabilities of people and communities and encourage tackling the issues of inequity in health with the active participation of communities.…”

Learning experiences in community health of nursing students

“…Social determination comes and goes dialectically between the general, particular and singular dimensions: it reproduces from the general to the particular, and is generated from the particular to the general" (14) . "In the health sector, policies and practices still focus disproportionately on approaches that propose solving problems (closer to the pathogen or the deficit) (15) . However, there are alternatives with an approach to the common work of services with people and communities that makes the most of their strengths, talents and abilities.…”

Técnica del árbol: aprendizajes en su utilización para problematizar necesidades de transformación social, Jalisco, México

“…Alcanzar una nueva correlación de fuerzas entre los participantes de la técnica educativa, permite construir sujetos sociales capaces de plantearse y resolver el problema analizado y otros que estén presentes en su entorno, por lo cual es importante fortalecer las alianzas y redes que surgen de necesidades locales de transformación de la realidad, posibilitando establecer nuevas relaciones de poder entre la sociedad civil y el Estado (4), además de ser un punto de encuentro para el trabajo intersectorial, revitalizando la planificación de la salud pública en el territorio y el desarrollo de planes locales de trabajo con un fuerte anclaje en los principios de la PS (19).…”