Promoting Effects on Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Four “Kidney-Tonifying” Traditional Chinese Herbs

Abstract

Traditional Chinese medicine can promote the proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). We chose four “Kidney-tonifying” Chinese herbal medicines, Radix Astragali, Salvia, Herba Epimedii, and Saussurea Involucrata, to evaluate whether they had positive effects on the proliferation of BMSCs and TGF-β1-induced chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The four Chinese herbal medicines were intragastrically administered to Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively, to prepare drug-containing serums of corresponding Chinese herbs. BMSCs were isolated, cultured, and exposed to culture solution containing 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15% (v/v) Radix Astragali-, Salvia-, Herba Epimedii-, and Saussurea Involucrata-containing serum, respectively. TGF-β1-induced BMSCs were addressed in the same manner. Collagen type II protein was assessed by immunofluorescence methods. To assess whether the drug-containing serums had positive effects on the proliferation of BMSCs and TGF-β1-induced BMSCs, MTT method was assessed. The proliferation of BMSCs was significantly enhanced when exposed to culture solutions containing 1% and 5% Radix Astragali-, 1% and 5% Salvia-, 5% Herba Epimedii-, and 1%, 5%, and 10% Saussurea Involucrata-containing serum. The proliferation of TGF-β1-induced BMSCs was significantly enhanced when exposed to 1%, 5%, and 15% Radix Astragali-, 10% and 15% Salvia-, 5%, and 15% Herba Epimedii-, and 1%, 5%, and 10% Saussurea Involucrata-containing serum.

Evaluation of the effects of Bambusa tulda on osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human stem cells

“…Mesenchymal stem cells may be isolated from various tissues including gingival, as used in this study [16][17][18][19][20]. Gingiva can be easily accessible and obtainable [10,[21][22][23][24][25]. This procedure can be performed under local anesthesia and the obtained tissues are usually discarded in routine periodontal surgery [11,[26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

“…De-epithelialization of the gingivae was done and fragmentation of the tissue was done into 1-2 mm fragments. Dispase (1 mg/ml; Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) and collagenase IV (2 mg/mL; Sigma-Aldrich Co.) were used for the digestion of fragmented gingivae [10]. Unattached cells were removed from the plates.…”

“…Bambusa tulda Roxburgh has been widely used and it is considered one of the most useful bamboo species [9]. It is native to Indian subcontinent, Indochina, Tibet, and Yunnan [10]. Bambusa tulda has nutritive shoots and it is widely consumed as edible bamboos in Asia [11].…”

The therapeutic effect of modified Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang for multiple myeloma

“…[ 17 ] Radix Astragali can significantly enhance the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and transforming growth factor β1 induced chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. [ 18 ] Additionally, Astragalus polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus membranaceus can activate mouse B cells and macrophages via membrane Ig in a toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 independent manner in terms of proliferation or cytokine production. [ 19 ]…”

Saussureae Involucratae Herba (Snow Lotus): Review of Chemical Compositions and Pharmacological Properties

“…In a herbal mixture having "Snow lotus" and three other "kidneytonifying" TCMs, i.e. Astragali Radix, Salviac Miltiorhizae Radix & Rhzizoma and Epimedii Herba, is known to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (Cai et al, 2015). Rutin stimulated proliferation and differentiation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells by analyzing the increase of cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type I and mineralization (Hyun et al, 2014).…”