Promoting oral HIV self‐testing via the internet among men who have sex with men in China: a feasibility assessment

Wang, X; Tang, Zhenzhu; Wu, Zunyou; Nong, Quanxing; Li, Y

doi:10.1111/hiv.12830

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Half of all studies (54%, 25/46) deployed website-based interventions. Results were largely in favor of digital strategies including e-testing websites [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , study websites [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , online counselling [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , and chatbots [39] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight (32%, 8/25) studies assessing web-based interventions reported acceptability outcomes [ 18 , 21 , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , 37 ]. Willingness to use web-based HIVST interventions (61%−79%) [ 18 , 21 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 37 , 38 ] and ease of use (97%) [28] was high across studies, and among high-risk groups such as MSM, transgender women, men with multiple sexual partners, and men who were less likely to have previously sought out HIV testing [ 28 , 29 , 37 ]. An RCT conducted among MSM in China found the intervention group receiving HIVST with promotion of online real-time instructions and counseling expressed greater willingness to take up HIV testing than a control group receiving promotion only for conventional HIV testing (69.0 vs 43.9%, p <0.001) [37] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV self-testing with digital supports as the new paradigm: A systematic review of global evidence (2010–2021)

et al. 2021

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Background HIV self-testing (HIVST) is recommended by the WHO as an innovative strategy to reach UNAIDS targets to end HIV by 2030. HIVST with digital supports is defined as the use of digital interventions (e.g., website-based, social media, mobile HIVST applications (apps), text messaging (SMS), digital vending machines (digital VMs)) to improve the efficiency and impact of HIVST. HIVST deployment and integration in health services is an emerging priority. We conducted a systematic review aiming to close the gap in evidence that summarizes the impact of digitally supported HIVST and to inform policy recommendations. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for articles and abstracts on HIVST with digital supports published during the period February 1st, 2010 to June 15th, 2021, following Cochrane guidelines and PRISMA methodology. We assessed feasibility, acceptability, preference, and impact outcomes across all populations and study designs. Metrics reported were willingness to use HIVST, preferences for HIVST delivery, proportion of first-time testers, HIVST uptake, HIVST kit return rate, and linkage to care. Heterogeneity of the interventions and reported metrics precluded us from conducting a meta-analysis. Findings 46 studies were narratively synthesized, of which 72% were observational and 28% were RCTs. Half of all studies (54%, 25/46) assessed web-based innovations (e.g., study websites, videos, chatbots), followed by social media (26%, 12/46), HIVST-specific apps (7%, 3/46), SMS (9%, 4/46), and digital VMs (4%, 2/46). Web-based innovations were found to be acceptable (77–97%), preferred over in-person and hybrid options by more first-time testers (47–48%), highly feasible (93–95%), and were overall effective in supporting linkage to care (53–100%). Social media and app-based innovations also had high acceptability (87–95%) and linkage to care proportions (80–100%). SMS innovations increased kit return rates (54–94%) and HIVST uptake among hard-to-reach groups. Finally, digital VMs were highly acceptable (54–93%), and HIVST uptake was six times greater when using digital VMs compared to distribution by community workers. Interpretation HIVST with digital supports was deemed feasible, acceptable, preferable, and was shown to increase uptake, engage first-time testers and hard-to-reach populations, and successfully link participants to treatment. Findings pave the way for greater use of HIVST interventions with digital supports globally.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV self-testing with digital supports as the new paradigm: A systematic review of global evidence (2010–2021)

et al. 2021

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“…Since 2013, the HIV testing rate of MSM in China has shown an upward trend ( Wu et al, 2021 ). However, HIV testing in China’s MSM is still at a low level ( Wang et al, 2020 ). About 50% to 60% of MSM had not been tested for HIV in the past year ( Ren et al, 2017 ; Tang & Lyu, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Peer Education on HIV Testing for Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men: The Mediation Effect of Accompanying Friends for Testing

Jiao

Wang

et al. 2022

Am J Mens Health

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This study aims to explore how peer education influences men who have sex with men (MSM) to accompany friends to test and then affects their own testing, and to reveal the internal mechanism of peer education influencing HIV testing. A cross-sectional study among MSM in 11 cities in Shandong province, China was conducted to collect information on demographic characteristics, behavior, HIV-related knowledge, HIV testing history, and use of prevention services. Blood samples were tested for HIV status. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analyses, and R Mediation package was used for mediating effect analysis. Of 4,005 participants, 66.8% (2,674/4,005) had HIV testing in the last year, 50.6% (2,026/4,004) accompanied a friend for HIV testing, and 65.3% (2,614/4,005) received peer education in the last year. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, MSM who had anal sex with men in the past six months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.772, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.438, 2.182]), had used drugs (AOR = 2.762, 95% CI = [2.264, 3.368]), received peer education in the past year (AOR = 2.412, 95% CI = [2.081, 2.796]), and accompanied a friend for testing in the past year (AOR = 3.077, 95% CI = [2.653, 3.569]) were more likely to take HIV testing. Receiving peer education in the past year could influence their own HIV testing in the past year by affecting their accompanying one’s friends to take the test in the past year (a*b = 0.889, 95% CI = [0.733, 1.053]). Peer education not only had a direct effect on HIV testing but also had an indirect effect on HIV testing by influencing accompanying friends for testing.

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“…HIV self-testing (HIVST), conducted by individuals at home or in other private venues without specialized training, has high acceptability and accuracy among MSM in China. 9,10 It could increase HIV testing frequency among MSM in China. 11 Currently, HIVST is implemented and promoted nationwide in China, but PrEP/ PEP has yet to be widely acknowledged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between self-test and pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis of HIV among men who have sex with men in China

Wang¹,

Liu³

et al. 2022

Int J STD AIDS

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Background This study aims to assess HIV self-testing (HIVST), pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) uptake and associations of three HIV prevention strategies among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Methods This study included two stages, baseline and follow-up, and was conducted in Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province in North China. MSM were recruited online and by peer-referral. Data contained an online questionnaire and sampling blood for HIV tests. The research group generated a QR code linking to the survey, and participants were asked to scan this QR code with a cellphone to fill out the questionnaire. MSM at the baseline were imparted knowledge of PrEP, PEP and condom use. Results Between January 2018 and March 2019, the research team enrolled 773 MSM for baseline analysis, and 699 were HIV negative at baseline. For follow-up, 62% (430/699) participants were retained. At baseline, 11.6% (50/430) of the participants was aware of PrEP and 40.9% (176/430) of PEP; 0.7% (3/430) had ever taken PrEP and 3.3% (14/430) had taken PEP. At follow-up, 77.7% (334/430) reported awareness of PrEP and 54.0% (232/430) for PEP; Only 2.6% (11/430) initiated PrEP uptake and 3.0% (13/430) for PEP. Additionally, at follow-up, only 21 participants newly conducted HIVST. Results showed that being willing to pay for PrEP and PEP uptake was associated with conducting HIVST, and initiations of two HIV prevention methods, PrEP and PEP uptake, were significantly associated with each other. Conclusions Knowledge dissemination increased participant awareness and acceptance of PrEP and PEP effectively. Uptake of HIVST, PrEP, and PEP were low and associated with each other. It is promising to achieve high uptake by promoting HIVST, PrEP and PEP as one prevention package.

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Promoting oral HIV self‐testing via the internet among men who have sex with men in China: a feasibility assessment

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

HIV self-testing with digital supports as the new paradigm: A systematic review of global evidence (2010–2021)

HIV self-testing with digital supports as the new paradigm: A systematic review of global evidence (2010–2021)

The Impact of Peer Education on HIV Testing for Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men: The Mediation Effect of Accompanying Friends for Testing

Associations between self-test and pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis of HIV among men who have sex with men in China

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