Promoting potassium allocation to stalk enhances stalk bending resistance of maize (Zea mays L.)

Xu, Zhen; Lai, T. V.; Li, Shuang; DongXia, Si; Zhang, Chaochun; Cui, Zhenling; Chen, Xinping

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2017.10.020

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Moreover, as plant density increases, the length of the basal internode significantly increases and the diameter significantly decreases, the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and the stalk mechanical strength decrease, and the risk of lodging increases [ 17 ]. Reasonable water and fertilizer management and the application of plant growth regulators can reduce the internode elongation rate, the ratio of length to diameter, the plant height, and the ear height, promote structural carbohydrate accumulation, and increase stalk mechanical strength and lodging resistance [ 23 , 24 ]. However, most of these studies were based on the resistance of the plant itself, and less consideration was given to the impact of the external environment on the plant, such as wind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of maize lodging resistance based on the critical wind speed of stalk breaking during the late growth stage

2020

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Background The accurate evaluation of the stalk-lodging resistance during the late stage of maize growth can provide a basis for the selection of cultivars, the evaluation of cultivation techniques, and timely mechanical grain harvesting. In this study, the critical wind speed of stalk breaking, plant morphology, stalk mechanical strength, and lodging rate were investigated in 10 maize cultivars to identify the parameters evaluate lodging resistance during the later growth stage of maize. Clarify the relationship with the stalk mechanical strength, critical wind speed of stalk breaking, and natural lodging rate in the field. Results The results showed that, in the late growth stage, with increasing number of days after physiological maturity, (1) the stalk lodging rate gradually increased, (2) the stalk breaking force and rind penetration strength (RPS) of the third internode above the soil gradually decreased, and (3) the critical wind speed of stalk breaking increased first and then decreased, and was highest at about 16–24 days after physiological maturity. The position of stalk lodging mostly occurred between second and fifth internodes. The torque at the base of maize plant increased as wind speed increased, and the different of torque was excited among different maize cultivars under same wind speed. Furthermore, the stalk lodging rate was significantly negatively correlated with the critical wind speed of stalk breaking. Additionally, the critical wind speed of stalk breaking was significantly positively correlated with the stalk breaking force and the RPS. Conclusion This indicates that the critical wind speed of stalk breaking is a superior way to determine the stalk lodging resistance. These results suggest that, in the late growth stage, the decrease in the stalk mechanical strength is an important reason for the decrease in the critical wind speed of stalk breaking and the increase in the lodging rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of maize lodging resistance based on the critical wind speed of stalk breaking during the late growth stage

2020

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“…Maize is extensively cultivated worldwide and forms the primary food crop, providing 30% of total caloric intake to 4.5 billion people [2]. Ensuring increased maize production is critical to meet an increasing population demand for maize under declining arable cropland [3][4][5]. Annual maize yield roughly accounts for 34% of the world's crop production and 39% of total grain output in China [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses to Potassium Application and Economic Optimum K Rate of Maize under Different Soil Indigenous K Supply

et al. 2018

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Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient for maintaining crop productivity, but the economic benefit of K fertilizer often has been neglected. We collected a database from 60 maize field experimental sites in Northeast China between 2005 and 2012 to study the impacts of potassium (K) application rates on yield, K concentrations in grain and straw, plant K uptake, and to evaluate the economic optimum K rate (EOKR) for maize under different levels of soil indigenous K supply (IKS). The results showed that the average maize yield in K rec treatment (the recommended K rate) was highest and was 32.1% higher than that in K 0 treatment (no K fertilization). Compared to K 0 , the application of K did not significantly increase grain K concentration, whereas it significantly increased K concentration in the straw. Plant K uptake in K 150 treatment (150% of the recommended K rate) was higher than that in K rec treatment, but grain yield was lower than that in K rec treatment. Thus, the result indicates that luxury K absorption occurred in K 150% treatment due to excessive K application. Thus, the application rate of K should be further optimized. Based on the modified Mitscherlich model, the average economic optimum K rate (EONR) was 135.24, 124.27, and 96.54 kg K 2 O/ha for the low, medium, and high levels of soil indigenous K supply (IKS), respectively. The average economic optimum yield (EOY) at a high IKS level was similar to the average yield in K rec treatment, whereas the EOKR could reduce by a K rate of 37.9-63.7 kg K 2 O/ha compared to K rec treatment. This study highlights the importance of K application to improve grain yield and provides a promising fertilizer recommendation method for minimizing fertilizer inputs and optimizing maize production.

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“…In addition, the stem diameter is an important characteristic, because the higher its value, the greater the vigor, robustness and resistance of the plant (Guimarães et al, 2009). Potassium is a macronutrient that has crucial effects on corn, inducing changes in internode characteristics (Xu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative for potassic fertilization of vegetables in organic management in low fertility natural soil of the humid tropics

Santos

2020

Emir J Food Agric

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The organic food production and mainly the demand for these products have been growing much worldwide, and with this rising demand there is need for more adequate soil management. Organic fertilization is one of the points to improve and the alternative sources of nutrients should be better evaluated. Potassium is an essential nutrient required in large quantities by greenery and fruit, but according to the legislation of organic production, it can only be used as crushed rocks such as potassium sulfate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of potassium sulfate (soluble source), wood ash and marble powder as alternative sources of potassium in organic system, using hybrid maize AG 1051 as the indicator crop. The experimental design applied was in randomized blocks in the 3x4x2 factorial scheme, consisting of three potassium sources applied in four doses (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 K2O) in the presence and absence of Biofertilizer, with four repetitions. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the averages were compared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). Both wood ash and marble powder tested can be used as complementary potassium fertilization in organic production systems. Marble powder proved to be the most efficient among the treatments and the Biofertilizer did not have a significant effect on the evaluated characteristics.

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Promoting potassium allocation to stalk enhances stalk bending resistance of maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 34 publications

References 44 publications

Evaluation of maize lodging resistance based on the critical wind speed of stalk breaking during the late growth stage

Evaluation of maize lodging resistance based on the critical wind speed of stalk breaking during the late growth stage

Responses to Potassium Application and Economic Optimum K Rate of Maize under Different Soil Indigenous K Supply

Alternative for potassic fertilization of vegetables in organic management in low fertility natural soil of the humid tropics

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