Proper Utilization of Adequatly Iodized Salt at House Hold Level and Associated Factores in Asella Town Arsi Zone Ethiopia: A Community based Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Back ground: In Ethiopia the proportion of house holds with adequately iodized salt and knowledge and practices on proper utilization of adequatly iodized salt was low to achieve the target for elimination of iodine deficiency disorder. The objectives of this study was to assess the proper utilization of adequately iodized salt and associated factors at house hold level in Asella town, Arsi Zone Ethiopia in 2015. Methods and material:A Cross-sectional study design with multi stage sampling technique was applied to take sample size of 840 HHs. Standard questionnaire with modification and improved iodized salt test kit was used to collect data. Twenty four hour recall period was used to minimize recall bias. Data entered by epi info 3.5.4 and tranfered to SPSS Version 21. Logistic regression model was used to adjust confounders and P-Value <0.05 was considerd to declare significancy.Result: Proportion of HHs with adequately iodized salt was 62.9%. About 76.8% of HHs add salt to their cooking at the end of cooking or right after cooking. Female Sex (AOR = 3.39, 95% CI = 1.07,10.73), Education status with only read and write (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.71), having monthly income ≥2000 ETB (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.09, 5.01), Being married (AOR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.24,5.67), Knowing that goitor resulted from iodine deficency (AOR = 9.38, 95% CI = 3.50, 24.89) and having knowledge on IDD and iodized salt (AOR = 4.93, 95% CI = 2.54, 9.58 ) were significantly associated with proper utilization of iodized salt at house hold. Conclusion and Recommendation:Proportion of households with adequately iodized salt was low (not adequate) and significant number of households have improper utilization. Monitoring iodized salt at HH by using test kit and health promotion and communication activites by using different communication methods is important to imprve proper utilization of aduqaute Iodized salt at household level.

Availability of adequately iodized salt at household level in Dessie and Combolcha Towns, South Wollo, Ethiopia

“…The finding of this study revealed that adequacy of iodized salt was much higher than reports from rural community of Maychew (33%) [21], West Ethiopia (8.7%) [22] and Gondar town, Ethiopia (28.9%) [23] and Asella Town, Ethiopia (62.9%) [24]; and similar result was observed from urban area of Sidama Zone, Ethiopia (65%) [25]. Even though there are many variation and strategies across countries, the finding of the study was also higher as compared to findings from other low income contries [13, 26]. In contrast to the above finding, adequacy of iodized salt in the study was lower than findings from EasternNepal (82.6%) [27] and Telangana, India (79%) [3].…”

“…Many studies agreed that iodized salt was not accessible for most of the poor society in the world. Reports from Asella town [24], Sidama Zone [25] and rural India [26] postulated that the better socio-economic status, the more adequately iodized salt used and agreed that packed iodized salt is not affordable for the poor.…”

Iodine status, impact of knowledge, and practice for adequate iodized salt utilization in house hold at North West Ethiopia

“…However, only 48.5% were confirmed with ≥15 ppm iodine content in their daily salt which self-reported as they always used adequate iodized salt utilization. Which is considerably lower than the WHO recommendation levels to be 90%, 24 Pradesh Indian 48%, 25 Mayhew district (59.7%), 26 Dessie town 68.8%, 20 Asella town 76.8% in 2016, 27 Goba town 57.2%, 28 Dega Damot 88.8% 29 but higher than previous finding in 33.2% in Gondar, 30 33.5% in Addis Ababa, 16 and 25.7% in Ziway. 26 This might be due to the difference in whether there was a problem in the identification of iodized salt during purchasing from the whole sellers, shops, and others where iodized salt was sold and the lower global and regional levels.…”

Adequacy of iodized salt and its associated factors among households in the Bahir Dar Zuria district, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022

“…The World Health Organization’s goal of eradicating iodine deficiency illnesses (≥90%) is substantially exceeded by this finding ( 1 ). According to the findings of this study, the proportion of households with adequate iodized salt is less than in earlier studies from Combolcha (68.8%) ( 25 ), Assella (62.5%) ( 26 ), and Dera (57.4%) ( 27 ), Oromia Regional State, South East Ethiopia (61.1%) ( 28 ), Southeast Ethiopia (56.6%) ( 28 ), Kolfe Keraniyo, Addis Ababa (95.5%) ( 29 ), Sidama Zone (65%) ( 30 ), China (89%) ( 31 ), Ghana (75.6%) ( 32 ), and India (75%) ( 33 ). This may be a result of the market’s accessibility and availability of iodized salt, as well as laws, policies, and ongoing follow-up and monitoring of the use of iodized salt in various nations.…”