Properties of expanded graphite polystyrene damaged by the impact of solar radiation

Nowoświat, Artur; Krause, P.; Miros, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101920

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…When subjected to a higher intensity of synthetic solar radiation, the extensible force improved and the materials absorption increased. The material subjected to a higher rate of solar radiation had a higher compressive strength than the material subjected to a lower rate of solar radiation [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Multi-Skin Adaptive Ventilated Facade: A Review

2022

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Multi-skin ventilated facades with integrated building elements that respond to climatic conditions (mechanized openings and automatic shading with intelligent control) present the potential of improving overall annual energy savings by adapting the thermal properties of buildings. This paper presents a literature review on multi-skin adaptive ventilated facades. Additionally, this article presents a literature review on building envelopes that contain inner-air layers. The operation modes of the air layer used in building enclosure structures are classified and summarized and the thermal performance and benefits of climate-adaptive facades are discussed and reviewed. The existing operation modes of the air layer used in building envelopes are summarized, outlined and roughly classified into the following types: the enclosed type, the naturally ventilated type and the mechanically ventilated type. One of the sustainable development trends is the investigation and application of energy-efficient climate-adaptive facades. In this study, the energy modeling of a high-rise office building was calculated using the Green Building Studio. The annual energy, the annual CO2 emissions, and life cycle energy for the following three types of facade were estimated: a single-layer facade made of three-layer glass with argon, a double ventilated facade, and a triple ventilated facade with a double chamber. The calculation results show that the annual energy of the building with an adaptive triple-skin facade could be reduced by 15% compared with buildings with a single skin facade.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Multi-Skin Adaptive Ventilated Facade: A Review

2022

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“…Table 1 presents the relationship between severity of degradation, S w , and degradation condition, C. A limitation of this classification system is the fact that it does not directly assess the condition of the insulation boards. A damage insulation board can significantly influence the performance of the ETICS [4,10,11]. In this study, the condition of ETICS is analysed based only in visual inspections and, for a strict assessment of the thermal insulation boards, destructive tests must be carried out, which is rarely feasible in practice.…”

Section: Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the authors conclude that the existence of defects increase the risk of vulnerability to premature degradation and, consequently, affects the ETICS' performance over time. Krause and Nowoświat [10,11] studied the influence of solar radiation intensity on unprotected thermal insulation boards during the construction works. The results reveal that strong radiation intensity and windless conditions can damage the insulation boards, affecting their physical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condition-Based Maintenance Strategies to Enhance the Durability of ETICS

et al. 2021

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The increase of awareness with sustainability and the desire of reducing the energy consumption in the construction sector haved increased the application of External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) across Europe in the last decades. Nevertheless, the implementation of appropriate maintenance strategies is still neglected. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of different maintenance strategies. For that purpose, a condition-based maintenance model, based on Petri nets, is used to evaluate three maintenance strategies: MS1—total replacement only; MS2—combination of minor intervention and total replacement; and MS3—combination of cleaning operations, minor intervention, and total replacement. In the end, a multi-criteria analysis is used to discuss the impact of the three maintenance strategies proposed, evaluating the remaining service life, the global costs over time, the ETICS’ degradation condition, and the number of replacements (end of service life) over the time horizon. For this purpose, a sample of 378 ETICS was analysed, based on in situ visual inspections, carried out in Portugal. The results from this study reveal that maintenance plays an important role to increase the durability of ETICS, and therefore their sustainability. Regular maintenance can promote the extension of the ETICS’s service life between 88% and 159% (between 15 to 27 years), improve the global degradation condition of the ETICS, and reduce the impact on users by reducing the number of deeper interventions. Further research is essential to optimise the maintenance strategies (time interval between inspections, stakeholders’ performance criteria, and environmental exposure).

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“…A subsequent challenge for the insulation layer is the thermal degradation of expanded polystyrene, which is widely used in ETICS. Mehta et al [19] examined various types of expanded polystyrene and noticed that the polymer spheres collapse when exposed to elevated temperatures around 110-120 • C. Subsequent studies were carried out for expanded graphite polystyrene [20], which is now commonly used in new buildings. It was found that in direct sunlight and temperatures higher than 85 • C, grey polystyrene is destroyed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Improving the Durability and Overall Performance of PV-ETICS by Application of a PCM Layer

et al. 2021

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The main goal of the paper was to numerically analyse the risk of overheating of the Energy Activated External Thermal Insulation Composite System (En-ActivETICS) as an example of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). The analyses were conducted with the coupled power flow method (thermal and electrical) for 20 European cities. All locations were analysed considering the local climate in the context of building performance simulation as well as electricity production. The obtained results allowed for the determination of the risk of overheating, which can influence system durability, accelerated thermal ageing, and overall performance. It was revealed that the risk of overheating above 80 °C is possible in almost all locations; however, the intensity considerably differs between southern and northern Europe. The effect of latent heat storage for better thermal stabilization and overall performance was determined numerically for all locations. Finally, the improved solution with a phase change material (PCM) layer beside the PV panel was proposed individually for specific climatic zones, considering the required heat capacity. The maximum panel temperature for improved En-ActivETICS does not exceed 85 °C for any location.

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Properties of expanded graphite polystyrene damaged by the impact of solar radiation

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Multi-Skin Adaptive Ventilated Facade: A Review

Multi-Skin Adaptive Ventilated Facade: A Review

Condition-Based Maintenance Strategies to Enhance the Durability of ETICS

Towards Improving the Durability and Overall Performance of PV-ETICS by Application of a PCM Layer

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