2007
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1142-2
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Properties, production, and applications of camelid single-domain antibody fragments

Abstract: Camelids produce functional antibodies devoid of light chains of which the single N-terminal domain is fully capable of antigen binding. These single-domain antibody fragments (VHHs or Nanobodies®) have several advantages for biotechnological applications. They are well expressed in microorganisms and have a high stability and solubility. Furthermore, they are well suited for construction of larger molecules and selection systems such as phage, yeast, or ribosome display. This minireview offers an overview of … Show more

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Cited by 683 publications
(566 citation statements)
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References 94 publications
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“…Their advantageous characteristics have prompted their usage for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications (46,47). Their small size and structural properties make VHHs better adapted to bind to epitopes in hidden grooves, such as the ones present in the homodimeric BMP structures.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their advantageous characteristics have prompted their usage for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications (46,47). Their small size and structural properties make VHHs better adapted to bind to epitopes in hidden grooves, such as the ones present in the homodimeric BMP structures.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, the comparatively low molecular mass of single-domain antibodies may lead to recognition of antigenic sites that are not normally recognized by conventional antibodies (Harmsen & De Haard, 2007). Our findings here show the potential of single-domain intrabodies against HCV core as an antiviral strategy.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 63%
“…For therapeutic applications, single-domain antibodies may have advantages over conventional antibodies. The side-effects observed in the use of conventional antibodies are considered to result from target cross-linking due to the bivalent nature of these antibodies or to the presence of the Fc region (Harmsen & De Haard, 2007); such side-effects are Infectious titres of HCVcc in supernatants were determined at 2 and 4 days after HCV infection. All data are presented as mean¡SD.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These include aggregation of virions, destabilization/stabilization of virion structure, inhibition of attachment and entry of the virus into target cells by mucosal IgA or receptor blocking IgG, and binding to nascent virions to block their release from the cell surface [43]. By combining modern antibody selection techniques (phage display, B-cell immortalization and single B-cell cloning), alternative Ab scaffolds such as single chain Abs (scFv) or lamprey [44] and camelid Abs [45] with new functional assay formats it may be possible to identify antibodies that target one or more aspects of the RV life cycle. However, due to sequence heterogeneity of RV serotypes, a single pan-serotype neutralizing Ab may be extremely difficult to isolate.…”
Section: Prophylactic Antibodies For Rhinovirusesmentioning
confidence: 99%