Proportion of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type 1 and Type 2 Among Genital and Extragenital HSV Isolates

Löwhagen, Gun-Britt; Tunbäck, Petra; Bergström, Tomas

doi:10.1080/00015550252948158

Cited by 58 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Because genital infection with HSV-1 is most likely acquired during receipt of oral sex, a behavior probably practiced more frequently by WSW than heterosexual women, WSW may be at increased risk. Receptive oral sex in the absence of vaginal intercourse among 1207 heterosexual women prospectively followed in Pittsburgh increased the risk of HSV-1 seroconversion (9.8 vs 1.2 cases per 100 woman-years of follow-up; P=.04) [33]. Data from the Seattle study supported a stronger association between number of lifetime female sex partners and HSV-1 infection (Fig.…”

Section: Genital Herpessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…1). Some studies suggest that the incidence of genital infection with HSV-1 is increasing and that new genital HSV-1 infections are as common as oropharyngeal HSV-1 infections [31][32][33][34]. Because genital infection with HSV-1 is most likely acquired during receipt of oral sex, a behavior probably practiced more frequently by WSW than heterosexual women, WSW may be at increased risk.…”

Section: Genital Herpesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Conditions Among Women Who Have Sex with Women

Singh

Marrazzo

2009

TOIDJ

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Available data support that women who have sex with women (WSW) are at risk for a variety of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and vaginitis. Risk of STI transmission in this group depends on the specific STI under consideration and the sexual practices involved. Data demonstrates that WSW receive less standard gynecologic screening than their heterosexual counterparts. This may be due, in part, to provider and patient assessment of risk. Based on available evidence, there is a need to increase provider education on the sexual health of WSW. Moreover, enhancement of STI screening guidelines that specifically mention WSW, particularly for cervical cancer and infections caused by C. trachomatis, are essential.

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Section: Genital Herpessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Genital Herpesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Conditions Among Women Who Have Sex with Women

Singh

Marrazzo

2009

TOIDJ

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“…Some observations support this idea. Of numerous herpesvirus isolates from fingers/hands and other extragenital regions, with the exception of the orofacial area, nearly 50% were typed as HSV-2 and the rest were typed as HSV-1 (22). It would thus be interesting to investigate possible routes of nonsexual transmission of HSV-2 in cohorts similar to that described in the present work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Antibodies against Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 in Children and Young People in an Urban Region in Tanzania

Kasubi

Nilsen

Marsden³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is transmitted by close contact, both sexual and nonsexual, and infections are acquired during childhood and adolescence. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), however, is thought to be transmitted mainly by sexual contact. Most HSV-2 infections are consequently expected to occur after the onset of sexual activity. Recent reports indicate an increasing prevalence of HSV-2 on the African continent, but most studies have been performed on adult cohorts. In the present study, we collected sera from Tanzanian children and young persons from 1 to 20 years old, with at least 100 individuals in each age group. Antibodies against HSV-1 and HSV-2 were detected by an in-house Western blot method which was shown to perform well in comparison with a commercial Western blot assay. Type-specific antibodies were also analyzed by two noncommercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods based upon the antigenicities of branched synthetic oligopeptides corresponding to epitopes in glycoprotein G of HSV-1 or HSV-2. The prevalence of HSV-1 antibodies increased gradually from 73% for the age group of 1 to 4 years to 92% for the age group of 17 to 20 years. The prevalence of HSV-2 antibodies was unexpectedly high, as 15% of the children were infected by the age of 8 years, with the incidence increasing gradually to 40% in the age group of 17 to 20 years. The reason for this unexpectedly high frequency is not clear but could suggest that nonsexual transmission of HSV-2 is more common than previously thought. There was no statistically significant association between seropositivities for HSV-2 and human immunodeficiency virus.

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“…Genital herpes is frequently caused by HSV-1 due to the delay in the acquisition of oral HSV-1 infection among children developed countries, rendering a significant proportion of young adults susceptible to genital HSV-1 infection at initiation of sexual activity [33,34]. Furthermore, it is well recognized that a clear HSV type-related tropism might be limited to the permissiveness of the orofacial region for HSV-1, and that both HSV-1 and HSV-2 serotypes may readily establish infections below the neck [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low prevalences of HIV infection and HSV genital shedding in the general adult female population in Senegal

Diawara

Bélec

Dem

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the main co-factor for heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sub-Saharan Africa, and could be involved in the dynamics of the HIV epidemic in Senegal. Methodology: Genital shedding of HSV was evaluated in adult females who had visited the provincial healthcare centres in Diass, Louga, and Kebemer in Senegal. Study subjects were interviewed by a healthcare worker for sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behavior, and HIV serology was offered. In addition, cervical secretion lavage samples were evaluated for HSV DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the melting curve analysis of which permitted distinction between HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). Results: Among 302 women (mean age, 40 years) enrolled, none were infected by HIV. The mean age at first sexual intercourse was 20 years, and the mean number of sexual partners in the previous year was 1.3 (range, 1-7). Only 6 of 302 (1.9%) women had cervico-vaginal secretions positive for HSV DNA. No association between HSV DNA shedding and any sociodemographic or biological variables was found. Surprisingly, genital shedding of HSV-1 was found in two (0.7%) women, representing 33% of herpes-shedding women, and HSV-2 in four (1.5%) women. Conclusions: Taken together, our observations indicate a low prevalence of HSV DNA genital shedding in adult Senegalese women.

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Proportion of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type 1 and Type 2 Among Genital and Extragenital HSV Isolates

Cited by 58 publications

References 1 publication

Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Conditions Among Women Who Have Sex with Women

Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Conditions Among Women Who Have Sex with Women

Prevalence of Antibodies against Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 in Children and Young People in an Urban Region in Tanzania

Low prevalences of HIV infection and HSV genital shedding in the general adult female population in Senegal

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