Proposal to Change the Design Load in the Eurocode 1 Based on Loads from Vehicles with a Mass of 60 Tonnes

Rymsza, Janusz

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.499

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The improvements of WIM devices and of measuring techniques are currently the subject of several studies (see, for example, [4][5][6]9,12,[29][30][31][32]).…”

Section: Real Traffic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is pleonastic to point out that numerator and the denominator in Equations (11) or (12) have been evaluated adopting curves having the same shape. It must be also recalled that, in line with their logical bases, fatigue load model no.…”

Section: Appl Sci 2019 9 X For Peer Review 16 Of 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since LHVs were not included in the Auxerre traffic, their circulation could influence the design of new bridges and even more heavily the assessment of existing infrastructure, potentially producing a disproportionate increase of maintenance and repair costs. The consequences of allowing the circulation of LHVs is thus the subject of several recent studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], also aiming to ascertain its potential impact in terms of fatigue damage [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Road Traffic Tendency in Europe on Fatigue Assessment of Bridges

Croce

2020

Applied Sciences

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Fatigue load models for road bridges given in the Eurocode EN1991-2 have been calibrated considering real traffic measurements that became available around 1990. Since then, traffic composition has evolved considerably, also considering the issuing of the 96/53/EC Directive, which legitimated member states, on an equal and not discriminatory basis, to allow the circulation of Long and Heavy Vehicles (LHVs). Thus, the appropriateness of fatigue load models to cover also the effects of these vehicles, which are longer, heavier and potentially more damaging than common Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs), became an issue. The aim of the study is to assess how the evolution of European traffic influences the fatigue assessment of bridges. To capture the essence of the problem, three different real traffic measurements are compared in terms of fatigue damage: the Auxerre (FR) traffic, adopted to define fatigue load models in EN1991-2; the Moerdijk (NL) traffic, characterized by a high percentage of LHVs; and the Igualada (ES) traffic. To assess the current relevance of fatigue load models LM2 and LM4 of EN1991-2, the aptitude of these models to adequately reproduce the effects caused by LHVs is discussed in detail. The results demonstrate that the Auxerre traffic is still the most onerous; that the Moerdijk traffic is generally more severe than the Igualada traffic, and that the fatigue load models of Eurocode do not require major updates. The study is further supplemented by investigating the suitability of the formulae provided in the Eurocodes for the damage equivalence factors λ2 and λ3 to express the influence of the total lorry volume on the fatigue damage. In that latter case, the conclusion is that the formulae proposed in the Eurocodes, based on the assumption of a linear fatigue strength S–N curve with constant conventional slope m, could lead to erroneous, even unsafe, estimates of the fatigue life, especially when details are characterized by constant amplitude fatigue limit ΔσD, thus calling for further improvements of the formulae themselves.

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“…The improvements of WIM devices and of measuring techniques are currently the subject of several studies (see, for example, [4][5][6]9,12,[29][30][31][32]).…”

Section: Real Traffic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appl Sci 2019 9 X For Peer Review 16 Of 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Road Traffic Tendency in Europe on Fatigue Assessment of Bridges

Croce

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…[20,30] according to the traffic measured on several European highways. Due to the fact that these traffic records are more than 30 years old, several authors reassessed these load models based on updated traffic monitoring data, and they concluded that these models comply with requirements of modern traffic [31,32]. There are in total four load models for Ultimate Limit State (ULS) and Serviceability Limit State (SLS) verification, along with additional five load models for fatigue verifications.…”

Section: Traffic Load Models -Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most EU Countries, including Croatia, have adopted the factor of 1,0 for the design of new bridges. Some countries, such as Denmark, Germany, France and the UK, recommend different values [32]. For example, the increased adjustment factors in Germany are based on the research by Maurer et al [33] and Freundt et al [34], in which a considerable increase in road traffic in Germany over the last two decades is reported.…”

Section: Traffic Load Models -Current Design Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of traffic load effects in the assessment of existing road bridges

2020

JCE

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Modelling of traffic load effects in the assessment of existing road bridges Traffic load models used for the design of new bridges are based on conservative assumptions and have not been proven efficient for assessing safety of existing bridges. In the case of existing bridges, it is reasonable to use load models that are based on bridge weigh-in-motion data which, in addition to axle loads and spacing of bridge-crossing vehicles, provide information on bridge behaviour under traffic load. This paper provides an overview of traffic load models, as well as guidelines on the use of weigh-in-motion data when assessing condition of existing road bridges.

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Comprehensive analysis of oversized cargo transportation market in Poland (2001-2022): Trends, regulations, and industry dynamics

Juściński

2023

J. sustain. dev. transp. logist.

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The oversized cargo transportation market in Poland actively participates in developing the economy, providing services necessary for implementing large infrastructure and industrial projects on a national and European scale. Development and functioning of this sector in the EU and globally requires overcoming many organisational, technical and administrative barriers and difficulties, and the authors of several publications indicate how these services are developing. The current study contains a detailed analysis of data from 2001-2022. The paper characterises the changes in particular years, indicating the main causes of the occurring processes, and defines the existing trends. It presents the legal framework that regulates the functioning of the domestic market. Moreover, it discusses the number of permits and the value of fees for issuing permits collected by the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad, GDDKiA) over two decades. The article also evaluates trends concerning the number of licenses more than 50% decrease compared to the maximum in 2008. It assesses the course of changes in values, which in 2021 reached their highest level during the period under assessment. Furthermore, it discusses the differences that occurred in the number of permits issued and applications submitted in the years 2014-2022. It describes the structure of the number of permits issued in categories IV-VII in 2014-2020 and categories III-V in 2021-2022. It characterises the course of the largest operation in the history of Polish road haulage - the transport of an abnormally-sized TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) - in terms of requirements and problems that occurred during the preparation and fulfilment of this order and were typical for the functioning of the sector. The evaluation provides the basis for summaries and conclusions on the Development and condition of the oversized cargo transportation sector in Polish road transport sector.

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Proposal to Change the Design Load in the Eurocode 1 Based on Loads from Vehicles with a Mass of 60 Tonnes

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Impact of Road Traffic Tendency in Europe on Fatigue Assessment of Bridges

Impact of Road Traffic Tendency in Europe on Fatigue Assessment of Bridges

Modelling of traffic load effects in the assessment of existing road bridges

Comprehensive analysis of oversized cargo transportation market in Poland (2001-2022): Trends, regulations, and industry dynamics

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