Prospective study: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is associated with cardio‐cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients

Abstract

Aims/Introduction Most studies have shown that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) mutations were associated with cardio‐cerebrovascular complications of diabetes based on cross‐sectional investigations, but few studies based on cohorts were carried out. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the ALDH2 gene and the occurrence of and death from cardio‐cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients through a prospective cohort study. Materials and Methods According to a community‐based and disease‐based prospective cohort study design, a baseline cohort of 10,339 persons with type 2 diabetes was established in 2016, and the occurrence of and death from cardio‐cerebrovascular complications were followed up until December 2018. A total of 2,500 diabetes patients without cardio‐cerebrovascular complications were randomly selected from the baseline cohort to detect the rs671 polymorphism of the ALDH2 gene. Cox regression analysis was carried out on the effect of different ALDH2 rs671 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms on the risk and survival time of cardio‐cerebrovascular complications among diabetes patients. Results There were 215 cardio‐cerebrovascular complications, including 10 deaths, that occurred in the 2,500 diabetes patients during the follow‐up period. Cox regression analysis showed that rs671 GA/AA genotype, sex (male), poor control of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure and glycated were risk factors, whereas drinking alcohol was a protective factor for cardio‐cerebrovascular complications (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age and sex, the risk of the rs671 GA/AA genotype was 1.314‐fold (95% confidence interval 1.000–1.727) that of the GG genotype. Conclusion The G‐A mutation of ALDH2 rs671 is a risk factor for the occurrence of and death from cardio‐cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients. Further studies with larger cohorts and longer follow up will be necessary to reveal a consensus.

Integrated Analysis of Genomic and Genome-Wide Association Studies Identified Candidate Genes for Nutrigenetic Studies in Flavonoids and Vascular Health: Path to Precision Nutrition for (Poly)phenols

“…These genes are crucial in alcohol metabolism and folate/homocysteine metabolism, respectively. The rs671 polymorphism in ALDH2 was pinpointed as a risk factor for the occurrence of death from cardio-cerebrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes [64] and has recently been characterized as a novel regulator of cholesterol biosynthesis [65]. For the MTHFR rs17367504, it was not only associated with hypertension in a previous GWAS but was also included in the calculation of genetic risk score (GRS) in a study aiming to evaluate whether the association between GRS and blood pressure was modified by usual coffee consumption.…”

Applying Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking in the Screening for Molecular Mechanisms of Ampalaya (Momordica charantia L.) and Banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa L.) against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Additionally, diabetic patients with mutations in the ALDH2 gene have shown higher macrovascular complication. 77 , 78 Much of the research in ALDH2 focuses on its role in anticancer treatment since most of cancer cells recalcitrant to treatment overexpress this enzyme. 79 Consequently, because people with T2DM are at a higher risk of developing cancer 80 , targeting this enzyme in T2DM is challenging and needs precautions.…”

Development of Prediction Model to Estimate the Risk of Heart Failure in Diabetes Mellitus

“…We collected baseline data from the patients at early hospital admission: (1) patient characteristics including age group (≤ 29 years, 30∼60 years, and ≥ 61 years), sex, and history of smoking and drinking; (2) clinical laboratory data included high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene; (3) cardiovascular conditions including blood pressure and history of coronary heart disease (CHD). We combined the results of published studies with actual clinical examination (16)(17)(18)(19)(20), and we used age group, sex, history of smoking and drinking, HDL, LDL, ALDH2 and cardiovascular conditions as the predictor variables.…”