Prospects for the development of methods for the processing of organohalogen waste. Characteristic features of the catalytic hydrogenolysis of halogen-containing compounds

Abstract

A portable separator has been developed to quantitatively separate blood-borne magnetic spheres in potentially high-flow regimes for the human detoxification purpose. In the separator design, an array of biocompatible capillary tubing and magnetizable wires is immersed in an external magnetic field that is generated by two permanent magnets. The wires are magnetized and the high magnetic field gradient from the magnetized wires helps to collect blood-borne magnetic nano/micro-spheres from the blood flow. In this study, a 3D numerical model was created and the effect of tubing-wire configurations on the capture efficiency of the system was analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3 R . The results showed that the configuration characterized by bi-directionally alternating wires and tubes was the best design with respect to the four starting configurations. Preliminary in vitro experiments verified the numerical predictions. The results helped us to optimize a prototype portable magnetic separator that is suitable for rapid sequestration of magnetic nano/microspheres from the human blood stream while accommodating necessary clinical boundary conditions.

A highly active low Pd content catalyst synthesized by deposition–precipitation method for hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene

“…Catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) has emerged as a promising non-destructive technology not only for the safe conversion of chlorinated waste, but also producing valueadded products [1][2][3][4]. Among all Group VIII noble metals, Pd is identified as the best metal for HDC since it selectively replaces chlorine of the substrate with hydrogen ion [5][6][7][8].…”

Zinc dust-mediated reductive degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether

“…In recent times, the reductive dehalogenation of halogenated wastes has become of interest due to the eventual possibility of utilizing the dehalogenated products as new feedstocks (18). Photodegradation of PBDEs has been reported, though the debrominating efficiency has yet to be increased (19).…”

Hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene over supported metal catalysts

“…Among the various techniques used for their treatment and detoxification [3,4], catalytic hydrogenolysis of carbonhalogen bond (referred to as hydrodechlorination, HDC) is regarded as the most universal and promising method [5][6][7][8]. HDC is emerging as a non-destructive alternate technology whereby the chlorinated waste can be converted into products of commercial value [9][10][11].…”