Prospects for the Global Elimination of Hepatitis B

Block, Timothy M.; Chang, Kyong–Mi; Guo, Ju‐Tao

doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-091919-062728

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Virus infections take a significant part in the tumorigenesis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma [ 9 – 11 ]. Next, we investigate the possible roles of HTLV-1 infections on the progression of HCC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bioinformatics and experimental analysis of the novel roles of virus infection-associated gene CDC20 for prognosis and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2022

Aging

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Infection virus including HBV and HCV has been well recognized as a major cause inducing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, molecular investigations into the HTLV-1 (Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1) and HCC have been rare. In this study, we integrated several public datasets of HCC patients and filtered seven genes including CDC20 as the HTLV-1 infection-related genes which were differentially expressed in HCC. CDC20 was chosen for further investigation based on its promising prognostic power. The expression profiles, prognostic assessment, association with clinicopathologic characteristics, prediction of correlated signal pathways, and the immune-modulating function of CDC20 were assessed. We found that CDC20 expression was significantly increased in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines, and was correlated with histologic grade, pathologic stage, tumor status, and patient age. CDC20 exhibited prognostic value on overall survival and disease specific survival and was an independent prognostic factor. It was primarily involved in several signal pathways, especially the omega-hydroxylase P450 and epoxygenase P450 signal pathways. Moreover, CDC20 expression showed significant positive associations with the levels of several immune cells such as T helper 2 cells and follicular helper T cells, immunostimulators including TNFRSF18 and MICB, immunoinhibitors including KDR and PDCD1LG2, chemokines including XCL1 and CCL26, and chemokine receptors including CCR10 and CXCR3. This study for the first time delineated the correlation of CDC20 with HTLV-1 infection-associated HCC. The disorder of expression and function of CDC20 makes it a probable biomarker for better etiological classification, prognostic prediction, and precision medicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bioinformatics and experimental analysis of the novel roles of virus infection-associated gene CDC20 for prognosis and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2022

Aging

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“…The once daily oral HBV medications with minimal viral resistance typically results in undetectable HBV viral load and reduces risks of HBV transmission and future development of HCC. 14 In Vietnam, HBV anti-viral therapy are widely available and covered 80% by national health insurance. 15 Although we found 79.8% of the HBsAg(+) had health insurance, only 63.6% sought care after knowing their screening results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing baseline framework for hepatitis B virus micro-elimination in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam – a community-based seroprevalence study

Pham¹,

Le²,

Dao³

et al. 2023

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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“…GS-9620, a TLR-7 agonist, has been found to induce the production of IFN-α, especially by pDCs. In addition, the treatment of RO7020531 triggered obvious immune activation in patients with CHB [ 113 , 114 , 115 ]. Moreover, recently developed TLR-8 agonists may contribute to the activation of PRRs present in the liver, and GS-9688 has been shown to promote the production of IL-12 and IL-18 from monocytes or DCs [ 116 , 117 , 118 ].…”

Section: Progress In Hepatitis-b-specific Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Immunotherapy for Hepatitis B

Wang

Wei

2022

Pathogens

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus with the potential to cause chronic infection, and it is one of the common causes of liver disease worldwide. Chronic HBV infection leads to liver cirrhosis and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and the impaired immune response in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has been studied over the past few decades. Despite advances in the etiology of HBV and the development of potent virus-suppressing regimens, a cure for HBV has not been found. Both the innate and adaptive branches of immunity contribute to viral eradication. However, immune exhaustion and evasion have been demonstrated during CHB infection, although our understanding of the mechanism is still evolving. Recently, the successful use of an antiviral drug for hepatitis C has greatly encouraged the search for a cure for hepatitis B, which likely requires an approach focused on improving the antiviral immune response. In this review, we discuss our current knowledge of the immunopathogenic mechanisms and immunobiology of HBV infection. In addition, we touch upon why the existing therapeutic approaches may not achieve the goal of a functional cure. We also propose how combinations of new drugs, and especially novel immunotherapies, contribute to HBV clearance.

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Prospects for the Global Elimination of Hepatitis B

Cited by 41 publications

References 150 publications

The bioinformatics and experimental analysis of the novel roles of virus infection-associated gene CDC20 for prognosis and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma

The bioinformatics and experimental analysis of the novel roles of virus infection-associated gene CDC20 for prognosis and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma

Establishing baseline framework for hepatitis B virus micro-elimination in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam – a community-based seroprevalence study

Advances in Immunotherapy for Hepatitis B

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