Prospects for Using the Natural Antioxidant Compounds in the Obesity Treatment

Abstract

Obesity is strongly associated with the insulin resistance development and is an integral pathogenic part of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and other comorbid pathologies. It is well known that the obesity causes the disorders in adipose tissue endocrine and metabolic activity, which results in the activation of free radical processes. The administration of natural origin substances with antioxidant properties could be a promising direction for obesity and overweight correction. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the usefulness of natural origin active substances with antioxidant properties' administration under the obesity and comorbid disorder treatment. This chapter presents the results of experimental studies that proved the usefulness of phenolic compounds from apple food concentrate (Malus domestica L.) and dry bilberry extract (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) application under experimental metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which are extremely associated with obesity. It has been found that due to expressive antioxidant activity, these compounds exhibit the high efficiency in carbohydrate metabolism disorders' correction (in cases of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes), lipids metabolism disorders' correction (in case of metabolic syndrome), preventing of endothelial dysfunction under experimental insulin resistance, and normalization of antioxidant status in the liver (under experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus).

Research of antiulcer activity of dietary concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples on models of experimental ulcer in rats.

“…Experimental data show that the dietary concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples in pharmacological activity is somewhat inferior to the comparison drug ranitidine, but more effectively affects the normalization of the studied biochemical parameters (TBA reactants and reduced glutathione) due to antioxidant properties [7]. Indicators of antiulcer activity similar to the test substance and the effect on the change of the content of TBA reactants and reduced glutathione were observed with the introduction of quercetin, which is one of the active components of the concentrate.…”

“…According to the scientific literature and the results of our own research, it can be assumed that the substance of phenolic compounds of apples, with low toxicity and a wide range of pharmacological properties, can be very useful for correcting those pathogenesis that are characteristic of gastropathies of different genesis [5,6]. The lack of literature data and any experimental information on the gastroprotective properties of the sub-stance from the phenolic compounds of apples is a good reason for this study [7].…”

Effectiveness of food concentrate phenolic compounds of apples in experimental membrane pathologies

“…Thus, polyphenolic concentrates from apple fruit are considered to be a safe and promising treatment for the prevention of various disorders and chronic diseases. We previously showed the correction of endothelial dysfunction under the introduction of apple fruit polyphenols in experimental insulin resistance (Zagayko et al, 2020). It is known that polyphenolic extracts from apple fruit lower cholesterol (Sommella et al, 2019), increase the high-density lipoproteins content (Zhu et al, 2021) and prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes (Han et al, 2021), and as a consequence, reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.…”