Prospects of Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zhou, Huaixiang; Xu, Qiuran; Song, Yang; Xu, Xiaorong; Hu, Xiaoge; Jiang, Jiahong; Hong, Yeting; Huang, Dongsheng; Yang, Liu

doi:10.1155/2018/6579436

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Short ncRNAs are extensively studied and reviewed [[18], [19], [20]]. Short ncRNAs are sub-classified into several sub-classes such as: microRNAs (miRNA), short interfering RNAs (siRNA), piwi interacting RNAs (piRNA) and small nuclear RNAs (snoRNA) [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNAs: Functional regulatory players in breast cancer

Youness

Gad

2019

Non-coding RNA Research

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Historically, the long-held protein-centered bias has denoted 98% of the human genome as ‘Junk’ DNA. However, the current work has shifted the perception of such 'junk' transcriptional products to functional regulatory molecules. The recent surveillance of the human transcriptome has highlighted the pivotal role of such non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules in diverse physiological and pathological conditions. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a recent class of ncRNA molecules that is still in its infancy stage. The main focus of this review is to unravel the importance of lncRNAs in the most prevalent malignancy among females which is Breast Cancer (BC). A specific focus on lncRNAs as prognostic markers among BC patients showing molecular subtype heterogeneity was also tackled in this review. Finally, the functional and the mechanistic roles of such booming ncRNA molecules in shaping the fate of the BC progression have been highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNAs: Functional regulatory players in breast cancer

Youness

Gad

2019

Non-coding RNA Research

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“…Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous class of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with limited protein-coding ability but play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma [7]. Some lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma or other human cancers where their interaction with various macromolecules such as DNA, chromatin, proteins, and RNAs affects cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells [8–10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MALAT1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate SMAD5 expression by acting as a sponge for miR-142-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma

Xiang

Chen

et al. 2019

Cell Biosci

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Background Long non-coding RNAs are involved in the pathology of various tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma. The expression of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is increased in numerous types of tumors and is involved in tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. MALAT1 level was reported to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, but its roles and the specific molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Methods The expression of MALAT1 and miR-142-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, cell lines and adjacent non-tumor tissues was assessed by Q-PCR. The putative-binding sites between MALAT1 and miR-142-3p were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. The expression of MALAT1 in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells was knocked down by transfection with MALAT1 siRNAs. Cell viability was assessed by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay after the indicated transfection in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. Cell proliferation was assessed by EdU assay, and cell apoptosis was explored by flow cytometry. The migration and invasion potency of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells was assessed by the cell migration assay and matrigel invasion assay. Protein level of vimentin, E-cadherin and SMAD5 were assessed by Western blot. Results Overexpressed MALAT1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA sponge for miR-142-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma. The knockdown of MALAT1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial cell-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promoted apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via miR-142-3p. MiR-142-3p inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, and promoted the cell apoptosis by targeting SMAD5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. MALAT1 promoted tumor growth by regulating the expression of miR-142-3p in vivo. Conclusion MALAT1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by antagonizing miR-142-3p.

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“…LncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) are non-coding mRNA-like trasncripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. Many novel lncRNAs were proposed to be predictive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or prognosis, including HULC, HOTAIR, MALAT1, and H19 52. In the case of HCC, lnc-Myd88 was suggested to be a new diagnostic and therapeutic target for HCC because that it could increase Myd88 expression, which in turn activates NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways 53…”

Section: Early Diagnosis Of Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Genetic Biomarkers For Hepatocellular Carcinoma In The Era Of Precision Medicine</p>

Duan¹,

Wu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

JHC

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Being one of the most lethal cancers that exhibit high levels of heterogeneity, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with diverse oncogenic pathways underpinned by varied driver genes. HCC can be induced by different etiological factors including virus infection, toxin exposure or metabolic disorders. Consequently, patients may display varied genetic profiles, and may respond differently to the treatments involving inhibition of target pathways. These DNA/RNA mutations, copy number variations, chromatin structural changes, aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs and epigenetic modifications were considered as biomarkers in the application of precision medication. To explore how genetic testing could contribute to early diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and postoperative monitoring of HCC, we conducted a systematic review of genetic markers associated with different pathologies. Moreover, we summarized on-going clinical trials for HCC treatment, including the trials for multiple kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The efficacy of ICB treatment in HCC is not as good as what was observed in lung cancer and melanoma, which might be due to the heterogeneity of the microenvironment of the liver.

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Prospects of Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cited by 15 publications

References 112 publications

Long non-coding RNAs: Functional regulatory players in breast cancer

Long non-coding RNAs: Functional regulatory players in breast cancer

MALAT1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate SMAD5 expression by acting as a sponge for miR-142-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma

<p>Genetic Biomarkers For Hepatocellular Carcinoma In The Era Of Precision Medicine</p>

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