Prostate-specific antigen immunosensing based on mixed self-assembled monolayers, camel antibodies and colloidal gold enhanced sandwich assays

Huang, Lieven; Reekmans, Gunter; Saerens, Dirk; Friedt, Jean‐Michel; Frederix, Filip; Francis, Laurent; Muyldermans, Serge; Campitelli, Andrew; Hoof, Chris Van

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2004.11.016

Cited by 208 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The ionization of the carboxylic groups resulted in the stearic hindrance, which in turn, hindered the process of selfaggregation of CMT. [20] 3.3. Infrared spectroscopy The FTIR spectra of hydrogels were acquired in the ATR mode (Figure 4).…”

Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of gelatin-tamarind gum/carboxymethyl tamarind gum based phase-separated hydrogels: a comparative study

Shaw

Uvanesh

Gautham

et al. 2015

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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The purpose of this research was to synthesize and characterize gelatin and tamarind gum (TG)/carboxymethyl tamarind (CMT) gum-based phase-separated hydrogels. The hydrogels were thoroughly characterized using bright-field microscope, FTIR spectroscope, differential scanning calorimeter, mechanical tester, and impedance analyzer. The mucoadhesivity, biocompatibility, and swelling property of the hydrogels were also evaluated. The antimicrobial efficiency of ciprofloxacin (model antimicrobial drug) loaded hydrogels was studied against E. coli. The in vitro drug release was carried out in both gastric and intestinal pHs. Microstructural analysis suggested the formation of phase-separated hydrogels. FTIR studies suggested that CMT gum altered the secondary structure of the gelatin molecules. Presence of the polysaccharides within the hydrogels resulted in the increase in the enthalpy and entropy for evaporation of the moisture from the hydrogels. The mechanical studies indicated viscoelastic nature of the hydrogels. Electrical analysis suggested an increase in the impedance of the hydrogels in the presence of the TG. The presence of CMT gum resulted in the decrease in the impedance of the hydrogels. The hydrogels exhibited good mucoadhesivity, biocompatibility, and pH-dependent swelling behavior. The drug-loaded hydrogels showed good antimicrobial activity and the drug release from the hydrogels was pH dependent and diffusion mediated.

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Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of gelatin-tamarind gum/carboxymethyl tamarind gum based phase-separated hydrogels: a comparative study

Shaw

Uvanesh

Gautham

et al. 2015

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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“…In contrast, microcantilever sensors do not require labeling of the antigen and allow unmodified molecules to be measured directly. For alternative label-free immunosensors like quartz crystal microbalance (45) and SPR (46), where recombinant antibody fragments were applied as receptor molecules, detection limits of tumor marker proteins in the range of 10 pg͞ml and 10 ng͞ml was reported. However, making these systems parallel for array application is rather difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A label-free immunosensor array using single-chain antibody fragments

Backmann

Zahnd

Huber

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

266

183

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We report a microcantilever-based immunosensor operated in static deflection mode with a performance comparable with surface plasmon resonance, using single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragments as receptor molecules. As a model system scFv fragments with specificity to two different antigens were applied. We introduced a cysteine residue at the C terminus of each scFv construct to allow covalent attachment to gold-coated sensor interfaces in directed orientation. Application of an array enabled simultaneous deflection measurements of sensing and reference cantilevers. The differential deflection signal revealed specific antigen binding and was proportional to the antigen concentration in solution. Using small, oriented scFv fragments as receptor molecules we increased the sensitivity of microcantilevers to Ϸ1 nM.cantilever arrays ͉ nanomechanics ͉ proteomics M icrocantilever-based sensors have attracted much interest as devices for fast and reliable detection of small amounts of molecules in air and solution. Over the last few years the application of the cantilever sensor concept was extended to the measurements of biocompounds in solution, resulting in a versatile biosensor (1, 2). Because of its label-free detection principle and small size, this kind of biosensor is advantageous for diagnostic applications, disease monitoring, and research in genomics or proteomics (3, 4). Multicantilever arrays would enable the detection of several analytes simultaneously.The main principle of the cantilever static mode is the transduction of the molecular interaction between analyte and receptors, immobilized as a layer on one surface of a cantilever, into a nanomechanical motion of the cantilever. Biomolecular interactions taking place on a solid-state interface produce a change in surface stress, because of changes in molecular configuration and intermolecular crowding (5). This process results in bending of the cantilever. Microcantilever-based biosensors operated in static mode have been successfully applied for the detection of various molecular interactions such as ssDNA-ssDNA (5-7) or protein-DNA (8, 9). Interactions between proteins were detected with cantilever-based immunosensors, where an antigen was recognized by its cognate antibody randomly immobilized on the sensor surface (10-12).The most critical step in preparation of any immunosensor is the immobilization of capture molecules on the support, a process where the orientation of the antigen-binding sites toward the analyte in solution plays a key role. Immunoglobulins can be either adsorbed on gold directly (10, 12) or attached covalently to the surface modified with hetero-bifunctional self-assembled monolayers of alkylthiols (11). However, these approaches produce a layer of randomly oriented antibody molecules on the cantilever surface, thereby generating conformational heterogeneity and inactive receptor molecules (13,14).As previously shown (13,(15)(16)(17)(18), the sensitivity of immunosensors can be improved by both maximizing the degree of functional ...

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“…Also, Huang et al have reported a PSA immunoassay on a commercially available surface plasmon resonance biosensor. This sandwich assay with AuNPs was used for a major enhancement in sensitivity of PSA detection at clinical relevant concentrations (Huang et al, 2005). Other study demonstrated a highly sensitive organic electrochemical transistor based immunosensor with secondary antibody-conjugated AuNPs with a low detection limit for PSA.…”

Section: Gold Nanocarriers In Cancer Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other study demonstrated a highly sensitive organic electrochemical transistor based immunosensor with secondary antibody-conjugated AuNPs with a low detection limit for PSA. These sensor performances were particularly improved in the lower concentration range where the detection is clinically important for the preoperative diagnosis and screening of prostate cancer (Huang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Gold Nanocarriers In Cancer Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Gold Nanocarriers for Cancer Theranostics: From Bench to Bedside and Back Again?

Conde

Tian²,

Baptista

et al. 2014

Nano-Oncologicals

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After a quarter of century of rapid technological advances, research has revealed the complexity of cancer, a disease intimately related to the dynamic transformation of the genome. However, the full understanding of the molecular onset of this disease is still far from achieved and the search for mechanisms of treatment will follow closely.It is here that Nanotechnology enters the fray offering a wealth of tools to diagnose and treat cancer.It is indisputable that the use of gold nanocarriers has been gaining momentum as vectors for therapy and diagnostic strategies, combining the AuNPs' ease of functionalization with numerous biomolecules, high loading capacity and fast uptake by target cells. In fact, over the last decade nearly 12.000 research papers focusing on multifunctional gold nanocarriers have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Some of the described nanosystems will most likely revolutionize our understanding of biological mechanisms and push forward the clinical practice through their 2 integration in future diagnostics platforms. Nevertheless, very little gave fruitful results in order to improve a bench-to-bedside approach to translational research. On the basis of theoretical and experimental results obtained so far are we or not at the point: from bench to bedside and back again? As you will see, the answers to this question are complex, but one thing is clear: Translation into clinics is a tortuous and difficult path. Here, we provide a critical review about the available multifunctional gold nanocarriers for in vitro application and in vivo cancer targeting on nanodiagnostics and therapy.

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Prostate-specific antigen immunosensing based on mixed self-assembled monolayers, camel antibodies and colloidal gold enhanced sandwich assays

Cited by 208 publications

References 36 publications

Development and characterization of gelatin-tamarind gum/carboxymethyl tamarind gum based phase-separated hydrogels: a comparative study

Development and characterization of gelatin-tamarind gum/carboxymethyl tamarind gum based phase-separated hydrogels: a comparative study

A label-free immunosensor array using single-chain antibody fragments

Multifunctional Gold Nanocarriers for Cancer Theranostics: From Bench to Bedside and Back Again?

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