Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Directed Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Teo, Min Yuen; Morris, Michael J.

doi:10.1097/ppo.0000000000000221

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Through the past decade, a variety of PSMA-targeted ligands has been systematically evaluated for their modification to radiopharmaceuticals [65]. Among them, two distinct approaches have been used for targeting PSMA, the first approach taking advantage of the macromolecular protein structure of PSMA to provide specific monoclonal antibodies and antibody-based molecules as targeting vectors [66]. The second approach takes advantage of the enzyme activity of PSMA and uses small-molecule enzyme inhibitors or binding agents as target seeking agents [67].…”

Section: Psma Ligands For Targeted Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Prostate Cancer—From Basic Research to Clinical Perspectives

et al. 2020

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Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western civilization. Although localized prostate cancer can be treated effectively in different ways, almost all patients progress to the incurable metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Due to the significant mortality and morbidity rate associated with the progression of this disease, there is an urgent need for new and targeted treatments. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in research on identification of prostate tissue-specific antigens for targeted therapy, generation of highly specific and selective molecules targeting these antigens, availability of therapeutic radionuclides for widespread medical applications, and recent achievements in the development of new-generation small-molecule inhibitors and antibody-based strategies for targeted prostate cancer therapy with alpha-, beta-, and Auger electron-emitting radionuclides.

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Section: Psma Ligands For Targeted Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Prostate Cancer—From Basic Research to Clinical Perspectives

et al. 2020

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“…PSMA is a transmembrane type II glycoprotein also called folate hydrolase I or glutamate carboxipeptidase II, which has a 19-amino-acid intracellular portion, a 24-amino-acid transmembrane portion and a 707-amino-acid extracellular portion ( 41 ). PSMA is expressed by prostate cells and overexpressed in PCa cells.…”

Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Imaging Techniques for Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer: A Review

et al. 2018

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Introduction: Lymph node metastases (LNM) represent a proven prognostic factor for biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival, metastatic free survival and overall survival in prostate cancer (PCa). Although pelvic node dissection remains the gold standard for the detection of LNM, novel imaging techniques are entering clinical practice, in the effort to improve LNM detection and spare unnecessary surgeries. Aim of the current review is to describe such imaging techniques and explore their advantages and limitations.Evidence Acquisition: The National Library of Medicine Database was searched for relevant articles published between January 2013 and August 2018. A wide search was performed including the combination of following words: “Prostate” and “Cancer” and “staging” and “Lymph Node” and “imaging” and (“MRI” or “PET”). The initial list of selected papers was enriched by individual suggestions of the authors of the present review.Evidence Synthesis: DWI-MRI in detection of lymph node invasion has a sensitivity and specificity of 41 and 94%, respectively. For SPIO MRI using ferumoxtran-10, the sensitivity for detection of LNM with short axis diameter of 5–10 mm is reported at 96.4%, compared to 28.5% with MRI alone. PSMA PET/CT is growing exponentially, both in the initial detection of LNM and for BCR evaluation. Fluciclovine PET could improve detection of subcentimetric pathologic lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node techniques remain experimental and not validated in the field of PCa.Conclusions: Molecular imaging, particularly PSMA ligand PET imaging, present interesting diagnostic accuracy in LN diagnosis even in subcentimetric LN. DWI-MRI yields good results in LN involvement evaluation and the use of contrast agent such SPIO may improve the detection rate. The SLN technique is limited to experimental protocols and for intermediate or high-risk PCa. Prospective trials are awaited to evaluate the true clinical impact of these imaging techniques on PCa oncologic outcomes.

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“…Furthermore, numerous other small molecule inhibitors have been derived and some of those are currently being studied in clinical trials (Table 1). An elaborate overview of PSMA-targeting tracer development in the past two decades can be found in earlier published reviews [15,16,17,18,19,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of PSMA-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: An Overview of Recent Preclinical Research

et al. 2019

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Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has become a major focus point in the research and development of prostate cancer (PCa) imaging and therapeutic strategies using radiolabeled tracers. PSMA has shown to be an excellent target for PCa theranostics because of its high expression on the membrane of PCa cells and the increase in expression during disease progression. Therefore, numerous PSMA-targeting tracers have been developed and (pre)clinically studied with promising results. However, many of these PSMA-targeting tracers show uptake in healthy organs such as the salivary glands, causing radiotoxicity. Furthermore, not all patients respond to PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). This created the necessity of additional preclinical research studies in which existing tracers are reevaluated and new tracers are developed in order to improve PSMA-TRT by protecting the (PSMA-expressing) healthy organs and improving tumor uptake. In this review we will give an overview of the recent preclinical research projects regarding PCa-TRT using PSMA-specific radiotracers, which will give an indication of where the PSMA-TRT research movement is going and what we can expect in future clinical trials.

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Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Directed Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Prostate Cancer—From Basic Research to Clinical Perspectives

Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Prostate Cancer—From Basic Research to Clinical Perspectives

Current Imaging Techniques for Lymph Node Staging in Prostate Cancer: A Review

The Future of PSMA-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: An Overview of Recent Preclinical Research

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