Prosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty caused by <i>Lactobacillus paracasei</i>

Tan, Charlie; Howard, James L.; Bondy, Lise

doi:10.1503/cmaj.201106

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin, chloramphenicol and linezolid was also reported [ 73 , 74 , 75 ]. Unfortunately, in many of the cases considered here patients were started on vancomycin and cephalosporins and only later switched to β-lactams, thus probably contributing to disease worsening [ 20 , 29 , 32 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 52 , 53 , 56 ]. From the case reports, resistance of lactobacilli to cephalosporins appeared to be a common trait to be further investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lactobacilli were isolated from blood [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 52 , 55 , 56 , 57 ], diseased valve tissue [ 23 ], abscess fluids [ 48 , 51 , 52 , 54 , 57 , 58 ], cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) [ 46 ], marrow [ 30 ], arthrocentesis aspiration fluid [ 53 ] in anaerobiosis and, in some cases, also in aerobiosis [ 15 , 34 ]. Use of automated microbial detection system, i.e., BACT/ALERT 3D or the BACTEC systems (BioMérieux) with incubation at 35 °C were mentioned in some reports [ 23 , 31 , 34 ].…”

Section: Cases Of Lactobacilli Infections Reported In Years 2019 2020...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Susceptibility to β-lactams, including amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, benzylpenicillin, penicillin G, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem IV was reported in most cases. These antibiotics were used singly or in association with gentamicin, clindamycin, and clarithromycin [ 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Cases Of Lactobacilli Infections Reported In Years 2019 2020...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactobacilli Infection Case Reports in the Last Three Years and Safety Implications

et al. 2022

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Lactobacilli constitute the dominant microbiota in many fermented foods and comprise widely used probiotics. However, these bacteria cause rare infections mostly in diabetic and immunocompromised subjects in presence of risk factors such as prosthetic hearth valves and dental procedures or caries. The scope of this survey was re-assessing the pathogenic potential of lactobacilli based on the infection case reports published in the last three years. In 2019, 2020, and 2021, total of 17, 15, and 16 cases, respectively, including endocarditis, bacteremia, and other infections, were reported. These annual numbers are higher than those observed previously. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (13 cases), comprising strain GG (ATCC 53103) with established applications in healthcare, L. paracasei (7 cases), Lactobacillus acidophilus (5 cases), L. jensenii (5 cases), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (3 cases), L. paraplantarum, L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, L. gasseri, L. paragasseri, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and L. reuteri (1 case each) were involved. Virulence characterization of two strains that caused infections, a derivative of L. rhamnosus GG and L. paracasei LP10266, indicated that increased biofilm-forming capacity favors pathogenicity and it is determined by variable genetic traits. This survey highlights that the strains of lactobacilli that cause infections are little characterized genetically. Instead, to avoid that these bacteria become a hazard, genetic stability should be periodically re-evaluated by whole genome sequencing (WGS) to ensure that only non-pathogenic variants are administered to vulnerable individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cases Of Lactobacilli Infections Reported In Years 2019 2020...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cases Of Lactobacilli Infections Reported In Years 2019 2020...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lactobacilli Infection Case Reports in the Last Three Years and Safety Implications

et al. 2022

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“…Lactobacilli were isolated from blood [15,16,17,18,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,49,52,55,56,57], diseased valve tissue [28], abscess fluids [48,51,52,54,57,58], cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) [46], marrow [36], arthrocentesis aspiration fluid [53] in anaerobiosis and, in some cases, also in aerobiosis [40,15]. Use of automated microbial detection system, i.e.…”

Section: Cases Of Lactobacilli Infections Reported In Years 2019 2020...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Susceptility to β-lactams, including amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, benzylpenicillin, penicillin G, piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem IV was reported in most cases. These antibiotics were used singly or in association with gentamicin, clindamycin and clarithromycin [16,17,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,31,32,33,34,36,37,38,41,43,44,45,46,48,49,51,53,54,55,56,57,58] .…”

Section: Cases Of Lactobacilli Infections Reported In Years 2019 2020...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacilli Infection Case Reports in the Last Three Years and Safety Implications

Rossi¹,

Amadoro²,

Colavita³

2022

Preprint

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probiotics. However, these bacteria caused rare infections mostly in diabetic and immunocompromised subjects in presence of risk factors such as prosthetic hearth valves and dental procedures or caries. The scope of this survey was re-assessing the pathogenic potential of lactobacilli based on the infection case reports published in the last three years. In 2019, 2020 and 2021 17, 15 and 16 cases, respective-ly,.including endocarditis, bacteremia and other infections, were reported. These annual numbers are higher than observed previously. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (13 cases), comprising strain GG (ATCC 53103) with established applications in healthcare, L. paracasei (7 cases), Lactobacillus acidophilus (5 cas-es), L. jensenii (5 cases), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (3 cases), L. paraplantarum, L. delbrueckii subsp. del-brueckii, L. gasseri, L. paragasseri, Limosilactobacillus fermentum and L. reuteri (1 case each) were involved. Virulence characterization of two strains that caused infections, a derivative of L. rhamnosus GG and L.paracasei LP10266, indicated that increased biofilm forming capacity favors pathogenicity and it is determined by variable genetic traits. This survey highlighted that strains of lactobacilli able to cause infections were little characterized genet-ically. Instead, to avoid that these bacteria become a hazard, genetic stability should be periodically re-evaluated by whole genome sequencing (WGS) to ensure that only non-pathogenic variants are ad-ministered to vulnerable individuals.

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Extracellular Proteins Isolated from L. acidophilus as an Osteomicrobiological Therapeutic Agent to Reduce Pathogenic Biofilm Formation, Regulate Chronic Inflammation, and Augment Bone Formation In Vitro

Pugazhendhi,

Seal,

Hughes

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a challenging complication that can occur following joint replacement surgery. Efficacious strategies to prevent and treat PJI and its recurrence remain elusive. Commensal bacteria within the gut convey beneficial effects through a defense strategy named “colonization resistance” thereby preventing pathogenic infection along the intestinal surface. This blueprint may be applicable to PJI. The aim is to investigate Lactobacillus acidophilus spp. and their isolated extracellular‐derived proteins (LaEPs) on PJI‐relevant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin‐resistant S. aureus, and Escherichia coli planktonic growth and biofilm formation in vitro. The effect of LaEPs on cultured macrophages and osteogenic, and adipogenic human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation is analyzed. Data show electrostatically‐induced probiotic‐pathogen species co‐aggregation and pathogenic growth inhibition together with LaEP‐induced biofilm prevention. LaEPs prime macrophages for enhanced microbial phagocytosis via cathepsin K, reduce lipopolysaccharide‐induced DNA damage and receptor activator nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand expression, and promote a reparative M2 macrophage morphology under chronic inflammatory conditions. LaEPs also significantly augment bone deposition while abating adipogenesis thus holding promise as a potential multimodal therapeutic strategy. Proteomic analyses highlight high abundance of lysyl endopeptidase, and urocanate reductase. Further, in vivo analyses are warranted to elucidate their role in the prevention and treatment of PJIs.

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Prosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty caused by Lactobacillus paracasei

Abstract: Prosthetic joint infections are serious complications of joint arthroplasties, associated with prosthetic failures, revision surgeries, and increased morbidity and mortality.

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Lactobacilli Infection Case Reports in the Last Three Years and Safety Implications

Lactobacilli Infection Case Reports in the Last Three Years and Safety Implications

Lactobacilli Infection Case Reports in the Last Three Years and Safety Implications

Extracellular Proteins Isolated from L. acidophilus as an Osteomicrobiological Therapeutic Agent to Reduce Pathogenic Biofilm Formation, Regulate Chronic Inflammation, and Augment Bone Formation In Vitro

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