Protection From Steam at High Pressures: Development of a Test Device and Protocol

Sati, Rohit; Crown, Elizabeth M.; Ackerman, Mark; González, José Luís Muñoz-Cobo; Dale, D. J.

doi:10.1080/10803548.2008.11076748

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…(Barr et al 2010;Barker and Yener 1981;Mäkinen et al 2008;Sati et al 2008). It is estimated that every year over 30,000 firefighters suffer injuries on the job in America, and many of them lose their lives while fighting fires, rescuing people, or responding to hazardous material incidents (Karter 2014).…”

Section: Evaluation Methods For Thermal Protection Of Firefighters' CLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation method for thermal protection of firefighters’ clothing in high-temperature and high-humidity condition

Wang

2016

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide the details of developments to researchers in test apparatus and evaluation methods to rate the thermal protective performance (TPP) of firefighters’ clothing under high-temperature and high-humidity condition. Design/methodology/approach – This review paper describes the influence laws of moisture on thermal protection and the moisture distribution in actual fire environment. Different evaluation methods used for assessing the effect of moisture on the TPP were investigated, with an emphasis on test devices, evaluation indexes as well as their relationship and limitations. Findings – The moisture from the ambient, clothing and human perspiration plays an important role in determining the TPP of firefighter protective clothing. It is obvious that research on moisture-driven heat transfer in firefighter’s clothing system are comparatively little, primarily focussing on pre-wetted methods of multi-layer fabric. Further studies should be conducted to develop more standardized moistening systems and improve the current calculation methods for evaluating the performance of protective clothing. New explorations for heat and moisture transfer mechanism in protective clothing should be investigated. Practical implications – Protective clothing is the efficient way to provide fire-fighting occupational safety. To accurately evaluate the TPP of protective clothing under high-temperature and high-humidity condition will help to optimize the clothing performance and choose the proper clothing for providing firefighters with the best protection under multiple thermal hazards. Originality/value – This paper is offered as a concise reference for scientific community further research in the area of the TPP evaluation methods under high-temperature and high-humidity condition.

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Section: Evaluation Methods For Thermal Protection Of Firefighters' CLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation method for thermal protection of firefighters’ clothing in high-temperature and high-humidity condition

Wang

2016

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology

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“…Fabrics were exposed to steam at two distances (50 and 100 mm) and two pressures (207 and 69 kPa). Both distance and pressure had signifi cant effects on peak temperature, peak heat fl ux, and total energy, with the highest heat transfer rates at 50 mm and 207 kPa (Sati et al ., 2008). Ackerman and coworkers designed an advanced steam protection tester that could differentiate among permeable, semipermeable, and impermeable fabrics.…”

Section: Moisture Effects and Steam Burnmentioning

confidence: 96%

Flame resistant textiles for structural and proximity fire fighting

Song

2013

Handbook of Fire Resistant Textiles

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“…Su and Li [13] developed a vertical test device and investigated the combined effect of steam and radiant heat exposures on protective performance of clothing. Additionally, Sati et al [3] presented a test device of cylindrical shape to evaluate the effect of body shape on steam protection of clothing in moderately high-pressure steam (69 and 207 kPa). The fabric could be mounted with or without a space to provide an air gap between the cylinder and the fabric that simulated the real wearing state.…”

Section: Y Su Et Al / Journal Of Fiber Bioengineering and Informaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some preliminary explorations were carried out to characterize the performance of thermal protective clothing exposed to a pressurized steam condition. For simulating hot steam conditions, some researchers developed the bench scale tests [10][11][12] as well as the full-scale thermal manikin tests [3,11] to measure the protective capacities of fabrics and clothing under hot steam conditions. The horizontal bench top tests developed by Liu et al [10] and Murtaza [12] were used to investigate the performance of protective fabrics under hot steam exposures.…”

Section: Y Su Et Al / Journal Of Fiber Bioengineering and Informaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industrial steam extensively used in oil and gas sectors presents a potential hazard for workers, such as steam burns and fatalities, since the surrounding ambient air can be heated rapidly in a confined space if steam leaks [1][2][3]. Thermal protective clothing can provide effective protection by resisting heat transfer under steam hazards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Configuration of Protective Fabrics on Thermal Protective Performance under Steam Exposure

Su¹,

Li²,

Song³

et al. 2017

JFBI

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A novel steam simulator was employed in this study to evaluate thermal protective performance of protective clothing while exposing to steam hazard. Single-and double-layer fabric systems were selected, and different configurations of moisture barrier were exposed to steam hazard for investigating the effect of configuration of protective fabrics on the thermal protective performance. The skin bio-heat transfer and Henriques burn integral models were used to predict the required times to reach 2nd and 3rd degree skin burn. The results demonstrated that the thermal protective performance of protective clothing under steam exposure was determined by the air permeability, the thickness, the mass, and the surface properties of fabric. Even though the moisture barrier provided excellent protective performance for steam exposure, the configuration of moisture barrier presented a decisive influence on the role of moisture barrier. The findings obtained in this study provide technical data for the performance improvement of protective clothing under steam hazard. AbstractA novel steam simulator was employed in this study to evaluate thermal protective performance of protective clothing while exposing to steam hazard. Single-and double-layer fabric systems were selected, and different configurations of moisture barrier were exposed to steam hazard for investigating the effect of configuration of protective fabrics on the thermal protective performance. The skin bio-heat transfer and Henriques burn integral models were used to predict the required times to reach 2nd and 3rd degree skin burn. The results demonstrated that the thermal protective performance of protective clothing under steam exposure was determined by the air permeability, the thickness, the mass, and the surface properties of fabric. Even though the moisture barrier provided excellent protective performance for steam exposure, the configuration of moisture barrier presented a decisive influence on the role of moisture barrier. The findings obtained in this study provide technical data for the performance improvement of protective clothing under steam hazard.

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Protection From Steam at High Pressures: Development of a Test Device and Protocol

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation method for thermal protection of firefighters’ clothing in high-temperature and high-humidity condition

Evaluation method for thermal protection of firefighters’ clothing in high-temperature and high-humidity condition

Flame resistant textiles for structural and proximity fire fighting

Effect of Configuration of Protective Fabrics on Thermal Protective Performance under Steam Exposure

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