Protective effect of carnosol on CCl4-induced acute liver damage in rats

Sotelo-Felix, José I.; Martínez‐Fong, Daniel; Torre, Pablo Muriel De La

doi:10.1097/00042737-200209000-00011

Cited by 64 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Carnosol was dissolved in 3% DMSO before administration. The dose of carnosol administered was determined according to a previous study [19] , with modification from our preliminary experiments. The rats in the control and intestinal I/R group were treated with an equal volume of 3% DMSO when needed.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis with carnosol attenuates liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion

Yao¹,

Zheng²,

Li³

et al. 2009

WJG

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AIM:To investigate the possible protective effects of carnosol on liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia reperfusion (I/R). METHODS:Rats were divided randomly into three experimental groups: sham, intestinal I/R and carnosol treatment (n = 18 each). The intestinal I/R model was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1 h. In the carnosol treatment group, surgery was performed as in the intestinal I/R group, with intraperitoneal administration of 3 mg/kg carnosol 1 h before the operation. At 2, 4 and 6 h after reperfusion, rats were killed and blood, intestine and liver tissue samples were obtained. Intestine and liver histology was investigated. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured. Liver tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were assayed. The liver intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were determined by immunohistochemical analysis and western blot analysis. RESULTS:Intestinal I/R induced intestine and liver injury, characterized by histological changes, as well as a significant increase in serum AST and ALT levels. The activity of SOD in the liver tissue decreased after I/R, which was enhanced by carnosol pretreatment. In addition, compared with the control group, carnosol markedly reduced liver tissue MPO activity and serum IL-6 level, which was in parallel with the decreased level of liver ICAM-1 and NF-κB expression. CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that carnosol pretreatment attenuates liver injury induced by intestinal I/R, attributable to the antioxidant effect and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis with carnosol attenuates liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion

Yao¹,

Zheng²,

Li³

et al. 2009

WJG

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“…22,23 CA and CAR also exhibit anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and scavenging activities. 24 The antiatherosclerotic mechanism(s) of rosemary are illunderstood. The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of CA and CAR from rosemary on MMP-9, MCP-1 levels, and cell migraion.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect ofRosemarinus officinalisL. on MMP-9, MCP-1 Levels, and Cell Migration in RAW 264.7 and Smooth Muscle Cells

Chae

et al. 2012

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease. Novel anti-inflammatory therapies may have promise as treatment strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction. Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) has been used in folk medicine to treat headaches, epilepsy, poor circulation, and many other ailments. It was found that rosemary could act as a stimulant and mild analgesic and could reduce inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic effects of rosemary need more study. This study investigated effects of the rosemary components, carnosic acid (CA), and carnosol (CAR), on cell migration. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were determined by Western blot and gelatin zymography, respectively, in RAW 264.7 macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMC migration was assessed by a Matrigel migration assay. Active compounds of rosemary extracts were also analyzed using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. MMP-9 and MCP-1 activities were markedly diminished with methanol extract (RM), n-hexane fraction (RH), and CA in RAW 264.7 cells. RM, RH, CA, and CAR suppressed tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced VSMC migration by inhibiting MMP-9 expression. Chromatograms of RM-and RH-containing CA and CAR revealed higher CA contents of RM (9.4%, 93.85 lg/mg dry wt.) and, especially, RH (18.4%, 184.00 lg/mg dry wt.), which were appreciably elevated compared with the similar CAR content in RM and RH (3.7%, 37.30 lg/mg dry wt.; and 2.5%, 25.05 lg/mg dry wt., respectively). Rosemary, especially its CA component, has potential antiatherosclerosis effects related to cell migration.KEY WORDS: Rosemarinus officinalis L. rosemary matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) migration RAW 264.7 macrophages vascular smooth muscle cell

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“…Although carnosic acid is the major polyphenolic compound present in rosemary plants, carnosol, an oxidation product of carnosic acid, has stronger anti-inflammatory effects [6] . Several studies including ours had been reported previously that the cytoprotective effects of carnosol have a number of beneficial properties from a medicinal standpoint, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects in various cell types [7][8][9] . However, details of the mechanisms underlying the hepatitic cytoprotection of carnosol and its regulation remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Upregulation of NF-E2-related factor-2-dependent glutathione by carnosol provokes a cytoprotective response and enhances cell survival

Chen

Chen²,

Hsieh³

et al. 2010

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: To explore whether glutathione (GSH) increased through Nrf-2 activation is involved in the cytoprotective effects of carnosol in HepG2 cells. Methods: Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 were exposed to rosemarry essential oil or carnosol. Cell viability was measured using an Alamar blue assay. The production of intracellular GSH was determined using monochlorobimane. The level of protein or mRNA was examined by Western blotting or RT-PCR, respectively. Results: Rosemarry essential oil (0.005%-0.02%) and carnosol (5 and 10 mol/L) increased the intracellular GSH levels and GSH synthesis enzyme subunit GCLC/GCLM expression. Rosemary essential oil and carnosol increased nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and enhanced Nrf2-antioxidant responsive element (ARE)-reporter activity. Transfection of the treated cells with an Nrf2 siRNA construct blocks GCLC/GCLM induction. Furthermore, pretreatment of the HepG2 cells with essential oil and carnosol exerted significant cytoprotective effects against H 2 O 2 or alcohol. In TNFα-treated cells, the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of NF-κB was abolished for 12 h following carnosol pretreatment. Cotreatment with GSH also suppressed NF-κB nuclear translocation, whereas cotreatment with BSO, a GSH synthesis blocker, blocked the inhibitory effects of carnosol. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Nrf2 is involved in the cytoprotective effects by carnasol, which were at least partially mediated through increased GSH biosynthesis.

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Protective effect of carnosol on CCl4-induced acute liver damage in rats

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

Prophylaxis with carnosol attenuates liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion

Prophylaxis with carnosol attenuates liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion

Effect ofRosemarinus officinalisL. on MMP-9, MCP-1 Levels, and Cell Migration in RAW 264.7 and Smooth Muscle Cells

Upregulation of NF-E2-related factor-2-dependent glutathione by carnosol provokes a cytoprotective response and enhances cell survival

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