Protective effect of ethyl pyruvate on msP rat leukocytes damaged by alcohol intake

Abstract

Alcohol consumption for long periods negatively influences physiological functions of many cells, and leads to organ damage. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by ethanol metabolism cause adverse effects that might be alleviated by simultaneous treatment with various antioxidants. Here, the ability of ethyl pyruvate (EP) to reduce ethanol-induced oxidative stress was evaluated. Chemiluminescence studies show that EP has a higher capacity than pyruvate to scavenge hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions. In order to evaluate whether EP can exert a protective effect against ethanol, rats were offered 10% ethanol in drinking burettes, containing or not different concentrations of EP (0.3%, 1% and 3%). The comet assay was employed to quantify the alcohol-induced DNA damage in rat lymphocytes. This test is a promising tool for the estimation of DNA damage at the single cell level. A significant protective effect of EP was observed in rat groups treated with this antioxidant, compared with those drinking only ethanol. Since EP has been shown to decrease the expression of numerous pro-inflammatory mediators, the monocyte respiratory burst was evaluated. The activation of monocyte NADPH oxidase by phorbol esters (PMA) showed that superoxide anion production was higher in the ethanol group than in the control group. The presence of EP considerably reduced superoxide anion production. In conclusion, hypotheses on possible mechanisms of action of EP on rat white blood cells are proposed.

Higher Hypochlorous Acid Scavenging Activity of Ethyl Pyruvate Compared to Its Sodium Salt

“…30) Our data confirm the higher scavenging ability of EtP in the HOCl oxidant model (Figs. 1 and 2).…”

“…The data presented as the percentage (%) inhibition were calculated as % I ¼ 100 À ðS sample  100=S blank Þ where S sample is the area under the curve of the absorbance, fluorescence, or chemiluminescence signal obtained for a sample in the presence of NaP, EtP, EtOH or NaP þ EtOH, and S blank is the area under the curve obtained for the control sample. 30) Statistical analysis. Each result is the average of at least 6 measurements and is expressed as the mean AE SD.…”

“…24 29) Moreover, it has been shown in a chemiluminescence study that EtP was more effective for H 2 O 2 scavenging than NaP. 30) The aim of this study was therefore to compare the antioxidative activities of sodium and ethyl pyruvate under in vitro conditions, using a liver homogenate as the model for cell membrane transport deletion. The potential effect of ethanol was also evaluated.…”

Heat-shock response protects peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from hydrogen peroxide-induced mitochondrial disturbance

“…PBMCs are more sensitive than neutrophils in intense exercise-induced oxidative damage (Sureda et al 2005) and are useful tools as markers reflecting the systemic symptoms of oxidative stress under physical and mental stimulation (Aslan et al 2006;Fedeli et al 2007;Zalata et al 2007;Zheng and Ariizumi 2007). PBMCs are utilized in the present study; they are sensitive to hydrogen-peroxide-induced oxidative stress and are also highly susceptible in their response to heat-shock-responseassociated protective effects.…”

Effect of Ethyl Pyruvate on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Rats Fed on a High Fat Diet

“…By a nonenzymatic reaction it reduces hydrogen peroxide to water [20] and scavenges hydroxyl radical [21]. The effectiveness of ethyl pyruvate (EtP) has been proven in various stress conditions [22,23,24,25,26,27]. …”