Protective effect of pre-supplementation with selenium on cadmium-induced oxidative damage to some rat tissues

Abstract

The effect of the antioxidant nutrient selenium, Se, on biologic response to cadmium-induced oxidative cytotoxicity was investigated in rats pretreated with Se prior to exposure to mild doses of Cd. Male wistar strain rats (200-250 g b.wt) were exposed to a single daily oral dose of cadmium (3 mg CdCl 2 /kg) in drinking water for five days following a 15-day oral supplementation with Se (3.0 or 3.5 mg SeO 2 /kg/day) in drinking water at the end of which membrane lipid peroxidation, ascorbic acid and glutathione contents and activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were determined in the red blood cell, liver and kidney samples obtained from treated animals. Cadmium content was determined in liver and kidney samples. Results showed that pre-supplementation with Se effectively countered Cd-induced membrane lipid peroxidation, depletion of non-enzymic antioxidants, ascorbic acid, and glutathione, and induction of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the RBC, liver and kidney as well as reduced Cd accumulation in the liver and kidney, all of which effects are consistent with a protective effect of Se against Cd-induced oxidative cytotoxic damage. RBC was the most susceptible to the inhibitory effect of Se pre-supplementation on Cd-induced lipid peroxidation and tissue ascorbic acid and glutathione depletion.

Effect of Pretreatment with Aqueous Leaf Extract of Vitex doniana on Cadmium-Induced Toxicity to Rats

“…However, pretreatment with aqueous leaf extract of Vitex doniana alters the pattern of Cd disposition and markedly reduced the level of bioaccumulation of Cd in the rat liver and kidney. This is in agreement with the previous studies which showed that oral intake of cadmium induces its accumulation in these tissues [17]. The decreased cadmium concentration in the liver and kidneys could be explained by its redistribution to other tissues and organs as well as by the formation of cadmium-extract complexes or by interfering with free radical chain initiation and progression of Cd-induced oxidative damage.…”

“…The role of antioxidants is to neutralize the excess of free radicals, to protect the cells from toxic effects and to contribute to disease prevention [7,11]. This has been demonstrated in experimental cadmium intoxication where certain micronutrients antioxidants notably, vitamin E and selenium, have reportedly reversed or prevented cadmium toxicity to target tissue cells [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Effects of <i>Hibiscus Sabdarrifa L.</i> anthocyanins on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

“…The ability of H. sabdariffa anthocyanins to protect and liver and other tissues is shown by the significant (P<0.05) increase in the activity of CAT and SOD in the liver and other tissues when compared with rats exposed to Cd alone. This again shows that H. sabdariffa anthocyanins are potent antioxidant and is in consonance with the reported protective effects of antioxidant nutrients against Cd-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidney (Asagba et al, 2010and Mafulul andOkoye, 2012).…”

“…Baiomy, (2016 showed that Cd caused increase in lung tissue malondialdehyde and reduced the activity of glutathione peroxidase and other antioxidant enzymes, while the work of Al Groom and Al-Kubaisy (2016) indicated that Cd administration significantly reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, but increased malondialdehyde levels in rat erythrocytes. Membrane lipid peroxidation has been shown as an important early manifestation of Cdinduced oxidative damage to the liver and kidney playing a major role in the induction of toxic lesions Okoye, 2012 andEmbugushiki et al, (2013). This study confirms that exposure to cadmium causes a significant increase in membrane lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidneys of rats.…”

Palm Oil Fractions Alter Acute Cadmium Mediated Haematotoxicity

“…Heavy metals are a class of chemicals known for their very risky and dangerous nature as slight carelessness in their handling could be indicative of very significant fatal experiences [1,2]. Cadmium which belongs to a class of these chemicals is said to be one of the most dangerous of them as it bio accumulates [3,4] when it eventually builds up in high concentrations, contributes significantly to the gradual shut down and deterioration of most biological systems due to the high affinity it has for the liver and kidney [5,6]. The mechanism of cadmium toxicity has been reported to involve reduction in the functionality of cell membrane binding to the ion transporter metallothionein, as well as the glutathione cascade which eventually affects the maintenance of cell membrane integrity and the inhibition of oxidative stress [7,8].…”