Protective effects of protocatechuic acid against cisplatin-induced renal damage in rats

Abstract

A B S T R A C TThe protective effects of an extract from bitter melon (Momordica charantia, Cucurbitaceae) against oxidative stress was previously reported and found that protocatechuic acid (PCA) was one of the major phenolic constituents in the extract. The renoprotective effect of PCA from bitter melon was investigated in the present study. In the LLC-PK1 cellular model, the decline in cells viabilities induced by oxidative stress, such as that induced by sodium nitroprusside, pyrogallol, and SIN-1, was significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by PCA.In the in vivo model, the cisplatin-treated rats showed increased plasma levels of creatinine, decreased creatinine clearance, and increased urine protein levels. However, these parameters related to renal dysfunction were markedly attenuated by PCA treatment. Administration of PCA resulted in remarkable improvement in the histological appearance and reduction in tubular cell damage in the cisplatin-treated rat kidneys. Moreover, the elevated levels of pro-caspase-3 induced by cisplatin in rat kidneys were down-regulated by PCA co-treatment. These results suggest that PCA has protective activity against anticancer drug-induced oxidative nephrotoxicity.

Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients

“…Cisplatin treatment also resulted in distinct histopathological changes in the rat kidney, such as tubular epithelial cellular necrosis, desquamation, vacuolisation and swelling. PCA treatment caused notable improvement in the histological appearance, with reduced tubular cell damage and swelling, providing almost "complete renoprotection" (Yamabe et al, 2015).…”

Therapeutic Potential of Plant Phenolic Acids in the Treatment of Cancer

“…In cancer therapy the protective effect of PCA was also demonstrated in reducing nephrotoxicity in the cisplatin-treated rats in a dose dependent manner, such that PCA co-treatment at doses of 10 and20 mg/kg body weight resulted in remarkable improvement in the histological appearance and reduction in tubular cell damage, reduction of elevated levels of pro-caspase-3 induced by cisplatin in rat kidneys [24]. In nanomedicine and drug delivery it is associated with improvements in the therapy efficacy, reduction of side effects and prolonged bioavailability.…”

Antioxidant Supplementation in the Treatment of Neurotoxicity Induced by Platinum-Based Chemotherapeutics—A Review

“…Many members of this group of phenolics showed powerful effects against different neurological disorders acting as neuroprotectors [143]. These compounds also showed significant alleviation of disrupted parameters during the cisplatin treatment, particularly rosmarinic acid [144], ellagic acid [145], protocatechuic acid [146], and caffeic acid phenethyl ester [147]. Therefore, it is not a surprising fact that rosmarinic acid (Figure 2) was able to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and spinal glial activation in vitro and in vivo in oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy [119].…”