Protective Effects of Topical Application of a Poorly Soluble Antioxidant Astaxanthin Liposomal Formulation on Ultraviolet-Induced Skin Damage

Hama, Susumu; Takahashi, Kanako; Inai, Yuko; Shiota, Kanako; Sakamoto, Ryota; Yamada, Asako; Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki; Kanamura, Kiyoshi; Yamashita, Eiji; Kogure, Kentaro

doi:10.1002/jps.23216

Cited by 113 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In this case, solubility could be improved by pharmaceutical intervention, such as liposome formation. 20) In the present study, we found that T0070907 could have a PPARγ-independent action in the inhibition of adipogenesis. Although direct evidence was not obtained in immature adipocytes, the following findings, in particular, would strongly support the notion: (1) α-Tocopherol did not affect the suppressive action of T07070907 on the transcriptional activity of PPARγ in COS-7 cells (Fig.…”

Section: )supporting

confidence: 52%

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ)-Independent Specific Cytotoxicity against Immature Adipocytes Induced by PPARγ Antagonist T0070907

Kawahara

Haraguchi

Tsuchiya

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) plays indispensable roles in adipogenesis, which is frequently impaired under pathological conditions such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Thus, a potent PPARγ antagonist, T0070907 is known as a useful tool for understanding such pathological conditions, while T007097 was also suggested to have PPARγ-independent actions. In the present study, we found that T0070907 inhibited adipogenesis concomitantly with the induction of rapid apoptosis of immature adipocytes within 2 h, whereas another PPARγ antagonist, SR-202 did not show such cytotoxicity. However, T0070907 did not affect the viabilities of pre-adipocytes, mature adipocytes, and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. The cytotoxic effect of T0070907 was not inhibited by GW1929, a PPARγ agonist, but was inhibited by α-tocopherol, which was previously shown to provide clinical benefit to NASH patients. Interestingly, treatment with high amounts of α-tocopherol alone slightly increased the cellular lipid content in mature adipocytes, but did not affect PPARγ-dependent luciferase reporter expression in COS-7 cells. Moreover, other lipophilic antioxidants, such as tocotrienols, tert-butylhydroquinone, and butylated hydroxyanisole, also inhibited T0070907-induced apoptosis like α-tocopherol. Consequently, it is suggested that T0070907 efficiently inhibits adipogenesis, not only via PPARγ-dependent manner, but also through the induction of apoptosis specifically against immature adipocytes via oxidative stress in a PPARγ-independent manner.

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Section: )supporting

confidence: 52%

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ)-Independent Specific Cytotoxicity against Immature Adipocytes Induced by PPARγ Antagonist T0070907

Kawahara

Haraguchi

Tsuchiya

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…In contrast, Hama et al recently reported that astaxanthin could scavenge the hydroxyl radical in a liposome system 16 .…”

Section: Reaction Ofmentioning

confidence: 89%

Reaction and Scavenging Mechanism of β-Carotene and Zeaxanthin with Reactive Oxygen Species

2017

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“…Previously, we reported that topical administration of Asx-EPC-lipo protected skin from UV-induced damages. 21) Thus, we examined the protective effect of Asx-EPC-lipo on hydroxyl radical-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured mouse skin fibroblast cell line, NIH3T3 cells. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scavenging of Hydroxyl Radicals in Aqueous Solution by Astaxanthin Encapsulated in Liposomes

Hama

Uenishi

Yamada

et al. 2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Astaxanthin (Asx) is known to be a potent quencher of singlet oxygen and an efficient scavenger of superoxide anion. Therefore, Asx would be expected to be a useful antioxidant for the prevention of oxidative stress, a causative factor in severe diseases such as ischemic reperfusion injury. However, it is still unclear whether Asx has scavenging capability against the most potent reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydroxyl radical, because the hydrophobicity of Asx prevents analysis of hydroxyl radical scavenging ability in aqueous solution. In this study, to solve this problem, liposomes containing Asx (Asx-lipo), which could be dispersed in water, were prepared, and the scavenging ability of Asx-lipo for the hydroxyl radical was examined. The liposomal formulation enabled encapsulation of a high concentration of Asx. Asx-lipo gave a dose-dependent reduction of chemiluminescence intensity induced by hydroxyl radical in aqueous solution. Hydroxyl radical scavenging of Asx was more potent than α-tocopherol. The absorbance of Asx in the liposome decreased after reduction of hydroxyl radicals, indicating the direct hydroxyl radical scavenging by Asx. Moreover, Asx-lipo prevented hydroxyl radical-induced cytotoxicity in cultured NIH-3T3 cells. In conclusion, Asx has potent scavenging capability against hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution, and this paper is the first report regarding hydroxyl radial scavenging by Asx.

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Protective Effects of Topical Application of a Poorly Soluble Antioxidant Astaxanthin Liposomal Formulation on Ultraviolet-Induced Skin Damage

Cited by 113 publications

References 29 publications

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ)-Independent Specific Cytotoxicity against Immature Adipocytes Induced by PPARγ Antagonist T0070907

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ)-Independent Specific Cytotoxicity against Immature Adipocytes Induced by PPARγ Antagonist T0070907

Reaction and Scavenging Mechanism of β-Carotene and Zeaxanthin with Reactive Oxygen Species

Scavenging of Hydroxyl Radicals in Aqueous Solution by Astaxanthin Encapsulated in Liposomes

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