“…In this regard, PKCδ-dependent regulation of MAPK pathways (Efimova, Broome, & Eckert, 2004; Murriel et al, 2004; Blank et al, 2013), PI3K-Akt (Murriel et al, 2004), signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1) (DeVries, Kalkofen, Matassa, & Reyland, 2004), and NFκB (Ren et al, 2014; Dong et al, 2015) has been shown in many contexts. In a second scenario, PKCδ could directly regulate the DNA damage response and cell cycle arrest mechanisms, as discussed above, pushing a cell toward initiation of apoptotic pathways (Bharti et al, 1998; Yoshida et al, 2003; LaGory et al, 2010; Arango et al, 2012; Soriano-Carot et al, 2014). Evidence supports both scenarios, raising the possibility that PKCδ, or a PKCδ effector, may have a dual function in cell survival and cell death.…”