Protein Levels for Heat-Exposed Broilers: Performance, Nutrients Digestibility, and Energy and Protein Metabolism

Filho, Daniel Emygdio de Faria; Campos, Daniel Mendes Borges; Alfonso-Torres, K. A.; Vieira, Bruno Serpa; Rosa, P. S.; Vaz, Aiani Maria; Macari, Marcos; Furlan, Renato Luís

doi:10.3923/ijps.2007.187.194

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For example, temperature is one of the major limiting factors for broiler growth (Lara & Rostagno 2013). Broilers reared at high temperatures exhibit low feed intake (FI) and consequently poor performance rates (De Faria Filho et al 2007; Zuo et al 2015). It was estimated that direct effects of high temperature on broiler metabolism are responsible for 46–50% of weight gain losses in broilers reared in warm environments, and the remaining 50–54% losses are due to FI reduction (Abu-Dieyeh 2006; Campos et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic heat stress and feed restriction affects carcass composition and the expression of genes involved in the control of fat deposition in broilers

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYHeat stress (HS) is among the major limiting factors to growth of broilers. Heat stress also results in changes in the characteristics of the carcass, such as an increase in fat deposition. The molecular mechanisms responsible for fat deposition in broilers as a response to HS remain unknown. The current study aimed to describe the molecular mechanisms associated with the effects of high temperature and feed restriction due to chronic heat exposure at 32 °C, and to describe the resulting changes in the growth performance and carcass characteristics of the broilers at 21 and 42 days of age. In the current study, 441 male Cobb-500® broilers were subjected to three treatments that differed in rearing temperature and feeding regime: chronic HS fed ad libitum (HS/AL), thermoneutral environment fed ad libitum (TN/AL) and TN and pair-feeding on the feed intake (FI) of the heat-exposed group (TN/PF). HS increased fat content in the breast and wings and decreased fat content in the legs, but did not influence abdominal fat. These effects occurred regardless of reducing consumption induced by HS. Furthermore, HS, independently of reduced FI, increased liver sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) mRNA in both ages and growth hormone receptor (GHR) mRNA at 42days, whereas feed restriction reduced GHR mRNA only at 21days. In conclusion, increased fat content in the breast and wings was accompanied by a higher gene expression of GHR and SREBP-1, suggesting the involvement of both genes in the control of fat deposition in broilers exposed to HS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic heat stress and feed restriction affects carcass composition and the expression of genes involved in the control of fat deposition in broilers

et al. 2017

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“…Thus, despite lower food intake and no difference in WG, our data suggest that metabolic efficiency was higher in these animals. Other research with high CPL and heat stress conditions has also showed improved performance for fast-growing broiler lines (Temim et al, 1999(Temim et al, , 2000a(Temim et al, , 2000bFaria Filho et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Heat stress reduces feed intake (FI) and consequently, the animal's performance. Thus, changes in the nutritional composition of feed, such as increased crude protein/amino acids and changing of the diet particle sizes, have been suggested for maintaining productivity in heat stress conditions (Temim et al, 2000a(Temim et al, , 2000bGonzalez-Esquerra and Leeson, 2005;Faria Filho et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and carbon turnover in fast- and slow-growing broilers submitted to cyclic heat stress and fed on high-protein diets

Campos

Macari

Fernadez-Alarcon

et al. 2016

British Poultry Science

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Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that when using similar protein/amino acid diets and environment temperature conditions, the performance and carbon turnover in muscle and liver tissues, as measured by the incorporation of stable isotopes ((13)C/(12)C), must be different between fast-growing Cobb 500® and slow-growing Label Rouge broilers. For both experiments (Cobb and Label Rouge), 21-d-old birds were distributed in a completely randomised, 3 × 3 factorial design; three environmental temperatures (cyclic heat stress ad libitum, 22°C ad libitum, and 22°C restricted) and three crude protein concentrations (189.1, 210 and 220 g/kg CP) were used. The Cobb 500® had better performance with higher concentrations of crude protein. Cyclic heat stress (a temperature factor), negatively affected this genetic strain's performance. For the Label Rouge birds, the crude protein concentrations in the diet presented inconsistent results and cyclic heat stress did not affect the performance. The carbon turnover rate was affected in the Cobb 500® strain, with a high protein content reducing carbon turnover in the evaluated tissues (liver and muscles). Feed intake had a greater impact on carbon turnover rates than cyclic heat stress. The Label Rouge birds were not affected by the evaluated factors, suggesting that genetic improvement has a leading role on tissue carbon turnover. There is a genetic influence on carbon turnover in the liver and muscle tissues of broiler chickens. In addition, genetically fast-growing broilers are more susceptible to variations in diet composition and environmental temperature than less rapidly growing animals.

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“…From the sixth week, the temperature for the birds is 20ºC and 60 to 70% and relative humidity of air (Abreu & Abreu, 2011). Faria, Campos, Torres, Vieira, Rosa, Vaz, Macaria & Furlan (2007, after surveys concluded that birds exposed to high temperatures have their performance degraded and this is not associated with changes in the metabolism of nutrients from the food rations, but the low feed consumption and the direct effect of room temperature on the bird, due to need of losing heat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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et al. 2017

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This research was conducted to assess the compensatory gain in birds that have suffered severe food restriction and a reduced growth in its initial phase. A total of 144 birds were used in the Label Rouge lineage with average initial weight 239.90 ± 76.80 g, from 28 to 49 days. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design, where the birds were distributed in 18 boxes, containing 3 treatments and 6 replicates of 8 birds per cage. The treatments were as follows: birds with body weight of 150.73 ± 12.62 g, between weighing from 239.79 ± 13.14 g and heavy weight of 329.17 ± 24.89 g in different periods, from 28 to 35, 35 to 42 and 42 to 49 days of age, respectively. In relation to weight gain, the heavy birds, obtained better results when compared to the other. The feed consumption has changed in the three periods and, in the period of 42 to 49 days, the treatments did not differ among themselves. Feed conversion rates (p = 0.127) and feasibility (p = 0.6163) of birds do not differ in different periods.Keywords: Consumption, feed efficiency, poultry, severe restriction. ResumenEsta investigación se realizó para evaluar la ganancia compensatoria en aves que han sufrido graves restricciones alimenticias y un crecimiento reducido en su fase inicial. Se utilizó un total de 144 aves en el linaje Label Rouge con un peso inicial promedio de 239.90 ± 76.80 g, de 28 a 49 días. El diseño experimental utilizado fue el diseño completamente al azar, en el que las aves se distribuyeron en 18 cajas, con 3 tratamientos y 6 repeticiones de 8 aves por jaula. Los tratamientos fueron los siguientes: aves con peso corporal de 150.73 ± 12.62 g, entre el peso de 239.79 ± 13.14 g y peso de 329.17 ± 24.89 g en diferentes períodos, de 28 a 35, 35 a 42 y 42 a 49 días de edad, respectivamente. En relación al aumento de peso, las aves pesadas, obtuvieron mejores resultados en comparación con el otro. El consumo de alimento ha cambiado en los tres períodos y, en el período de 42 a 49 días, los tratamientos no difirieron entre sí. Los porcentajes de conversión alimenticia (p = 0.127) y de viabilidad (p = 0.6163) de las aves no difieren en diferentes períodos.Palabras clave: Consumo, eficiencia alimentaria, aves de corral, restricción severa.

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Protein Levels for Heat-Exposed Broilers: Performance, Nutrients Digestibility, and Energy and Protein Metabolism

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

Chronic heat stress and feed restriction affects carcass composition and the expression of genes involved in the control of fat deposition in broilers

Chronic heat stress and feed restriction affects carcass composition and the expression of genes involved in the control of fat deposition in broilers

Performance and carbon turnover in fast- and slow-growing broilers submitted to cyclic heat stress and fed on high-protein diets

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