Protein type and caloric density of protein supplements modulate postprandial amino acid profile through changes in gastrointestinal behaviour: A randomized trial

Luiking, Yvette C.; Abrahamse, Evan; Ludwig, Thomas; Boirie‌, Yves; Verlaan, Sjors

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2015.02.013

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, we cannot exclude that the insulin peak in the leucine-enriched whey protein group already occurred before the 60 min time point. In humans receiving a leucine-enriched whey protein supplement [25,35], insulin peaks at around 30 min after intake and is back to baseline levels at about 90 min. The lower glucose levels in the leucine-enriched whey protein group (significant at 90 min) may indicate that an insulin-induced glucose lowering indeed has occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of leucine and leucine-enriched whey protein on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in aged mice

Dijk

Walrand

et al. 2018

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of leucine and leucine-enriched whey protein on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in aged mice

Dijk

Walrand

et al. 2018

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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“…Oral and intestinal phases are performed static, and it is recommended that the intestinal phase is performed individually with each gastric emptying aliquot. This contrasts with the semi-dynamic two step gastrointestinal model used by Luiking, et al, 100 which consists of computer-controlled reactors. However, this uses more complex and expensive equipment that is less available for most laboratories.…”

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Modelmentioning

confidence: 91%

A standardised semi-dynamic in vitro digestion method suitable for food – an international consensus

et al. 2020

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“…This leads to the structural and physiochemical properties of SM when milk is acidified (e.g., in processing or in human stomach) (16). These types of physicochemical effects have been shown to influence digestion kinetics for bovine milks (20), a factor which impacts on AA appearance in circulation (21,22) and postprandial protein accretion (22,23). Although in-depth descriptions of SM digestion kinetics are limited (24,25), a rodent model demonstrated higher ileal amino acid digestibility in rats fed SM relative to CM, resulting in greater circulating concentrations of leucine, lysine, and methionine (26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acid Concentrations Are Higher in Dairy-Avoiding Females Following an Equal Volume of Sheep Milk Relative to Cow Milk: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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Background: Intolerances to bovine dairy are a motivating factor in consumers seeking alternate-or replacement-dairy beverages and foods. Sheep milk (SM) is an alternate dairy source, with greater protein, although similar amino acid composition compared to cow milk (CM). Studies are yet to address the appearance of circulating amino acids following consumption of SM, relative to CM, in humans. Objective: To clinically determine the appearance of branched chain amino acids, and other amino acids, in circulation in response to equal servings of SM and CM, in females who avoid dairy products. Design: In a double-blinded, randomized, cross-over trial, 30 self-described dairy avoiding females (20-40 years) drank 650 mL of SM or CM that were reconstituted from the spray dried powders (30 and 25 g in 180 mL water, respectively) on separate occasions, following an overnight fast. After reconstitution, the energy and protein provided by SM was higher than for CM (2,140 vs. 1,649 kJ; 29.9 vs. 19.4 g protein); content of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) were 10.5 and 6.5 mg•mL −1 , respectively. Blood samples were collected at fasting and at regular intervals over 5 h after milk consumption. Plasma amino acids were measured by HPLC. Results: 80% of subjects self-identified as lactose intolerant, and the majority (47%) "avoided drinking milk" "most of the time". SM resulted in greater plasma appearance of BCAAs at 60 min (641.1 ± 16.3 vs. 563.5 ± 14.4 µmol•L −1 ; p < 0.001) compared with CM. SM similarly resulted in elevated postprandial concentrations of the amino acids lysine, methionine, and proline, particularly at 240 min (time × milk interactions p = 0.011, 0.017, and p = 0.002, respectively). Postprandial increases in plasma alanine concentrations were sustained to 120 min after CM (time × milk interaction p = 0.001) but not after SM, despite greater quantities provided by SM. Milan et al. Sheep Milk Aminoacidaemia in Dairy-Avoiders Conclusions: SM is a rich source of protein, and relative to CM, provides a greater quantity of BCAAs, with a corresponding elevation of the postprandial circulating BCAA response. SM is therefore a possible dairy alternative of benefit to those who need to increase total protein intake or for individuals with heightened protein requirements.

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Protein type and caloric density of protein supplements modulate postprandial amino acid profile through changes in gastrointestinal behaviour: A randomized trial

Abstract: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02013466.

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Differential effects of leucine and leucine-enriched whey protein on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in aged mice

Differential effects of leucine and leucine-enriched whey protein on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in aged mice

A standardised semi-dynamic in vitro digestion method suitable for food – an international consensus

Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acid Concentrations Are Higher in Dairy-Avoiding Females Following an Equal Volume of Sheep Milk Relative to Cow Milk: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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