Proteome and Transcriptome Analysis of the Antioxidant Mechanism in Chicken Regulated by Eucalyptus Leaf Polyphenols Extract

Abstract

Eucalyptus leaf polyphenols extract (EPE) has been proved to have various bioactivities, but few reports focus on its antioxidant mechanism in vivo. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect and mechanism of EPE dietary supplements on antioxidant capacity in chicken. A total of 216 chickens were randomly selected for a 40-day experiment. Four treatment groups received diets including the control diet only, the control diet + low EPE (0.6 g/kg), the control diet + moderate EPE (0.9 g/kg), and the control diet + high EPE (1.2 g/kg). Compared with control group, the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in the breast muscle of the moderate EPE treatment group was significantly higher (p<0.05), while the malonaldehyde (MDA) content in the moderate EPE group was reduced (p<0.05). Moreover, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of the breast muscle revealed that glutathione metabolism and the peroxisome were the two crucial metabolic pathways responsible for increased antioxidant capacity of the muscle. Accordingly, nine candidate genes and two candidate proteins were identified related to improved antioxidant status induced by EPE supplements. This research provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of antioxidant capacity in chickens treated with EPE dietary supplements.

Microbiota and Transcriptomic Effects of an Essential Oil Blend and Its Delivery Route Compared to an Antibiotic Growth Promoter in Broiler Chickens

“…The supplementation of phytogenic feed additives, especially essential oil, is reported to promote lipid and cholesterol metabolism [ 39 ], as well as to enhance immunity [ 61 ], leading to improved poultry performance. These favorable effects are thought to be exerted through the modulation of gut microbiota and the expression of several unique genes [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 44 , 61 ]. However, in vivo results on the effect of EO on chicken microbiota are somewhat inconsistent.…”

“…Studies have also suggested that microbial community might vary depending on the segment of the small intestine considered [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. In addition to the reported microbiota modifying effect, EOs can also influence the expression of several genes involved in de novo fat synthesis and deposition [ 39 ] as well as antioxidant activity [ 40 ]. Studies involving the liver transcriptome of EO-fed birds have also reported the enrichment of Gene Ontology Consortium (GO) terms associated with performance and metabolism [ 39 ], as well as a higher expression of antioxidant genes [ 41 ].…”

Improving hydrocarbon toxicity tolerance in poultry: role of genes and antioxidants

“…Dietary modulation of genes encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes to speed up the onset of disease tolerance, like those associated with hydrocarbon toxicity, would be beneficial even in poultry. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis identified nine candidate genes and two candidate proteins that improved antioxidant status in chickens given eucalyptus leaf polyphenol extract ( Li et al, 2020 ). Broiler chickens that were fed nettle ( Urtica dioica ) had a significantly upregulated expression of some antioxidant genes (SOD1 and CAT), which obviously prevented pulmonary hypertension ( Ahmadipour and Khajali, 2019 ).…”