Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Fenneropenaeus chinensis Hemocytes upon White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection

Abstract

To elucidate molecular responses of shrimp hemocytes to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was applied to investigate differentially expressed proteins in hemocytes of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) at 24 h post infection (hpi). Approximately 580 protein spots were detected in hemocytes of healthy and WSSV-infected shrimps. Quantitative intensity analysis revealed 26 protein spots were significantly up-regulated, and 19 spots were significantly down-regulated. By mass spectrometry, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) 1, cytosolic MnSOD, triosephosphate isomerase, tubulin alpha-1 chain, microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, nuclear receptor E75 protein, vacuolar ATP synthase subunit B L form, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, arginine kinase, etc., amounting to 33 differentially modulated proteins were identified successfully. According to Gene Ontology annotation, the identified proteins were classified into nine categories, consisting of immune related proteins, stimulus response proteins, proteins involved in glucose metabolic process, cytoskeleton proteins, DNA or protein binding proteins, proteins involved in steroid hormone mediated signal pathway, ATP synthases, proteins involved in transmembrane transport and ungrouped proteins. Meanwhile, the expression profiles of three up-regulated proteins (SUMO, heat shock protein 70, and arginine kinase) and one down-regulated protein (prophenoloxidase) were further analyzed by real-time RT-PCR at the transcription level after WSSV infection. The results showed that SUMO and heat shock protein 70 were significantly up-regulated at each sampling time point, while arginine kinase was significantly up-regulated at 12 and 24 hpi. In contrast, prophenoloxidase was significantly down-regulated at each sampling time point. The results of this work provided preliminary data on proteins in shrimp hemocytes involved in WSSV infection.

Metabolic and immune responses of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) smolts to a short‐term poly (I:C) challenge

“…This could be due to increased energy requirements by enzymes involved in BCAA/glutathione synthesis and transsulphuration pathways, glycolysis and the cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase complex immune response. In aquatic invertebrates, poly (I:C) and viral infections enhanced energy requirements (Li et al ., ; Saray et al ., ). These results revealed that poly (I:C) induces Warburg‐like metabolic effects in treated fish, similar to the conditions observed during intracellular viral replication (Eisenreich et al ., ).…”

Interaction of the Small GTPase Cdc42 with Arginine Kinase Restricts White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp

“…AK is the modulator of energetic reserves under starvation stress conditions in protozoa (27) and was significantly upregulated in WSSV-infected Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Litopenaeus stylirostris shrimp (28,29). Further study found that Litopenaeus vannamei AK (LvAK) interacted with VP14 in WSSV-infected shrimp and was beneficial for WSSV proliferation (21).…”

Elevated water temperature increases the levels of reo-like virus and selected innate immunity genes in hemocytes and hepatopancreas of adult female blue crab, Callinectes sapidus

“…It seems that there are different responses in PPO expression to viral infections in crustacean hemocytes. In the hemocytes of F. chinensis, the levels of PPO expression are down-regulated [35]. This result somewhat contrasts with the transcriptomic analysis of the whole body of F. chinensis with WSSV injection or infection.…”