Proteomic analysis reveals that the protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 are associated with the actin cytoskeleton in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells

Abstract

BackgroundThe ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is the most abundant compound in the root of Panax ginseng. Recent studies have shown that Rb1 has a neuroprotective effect. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still unknown.MethodsWe used stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture, combined with quantitative mass spectrometry, to explore a potential protective mechanism of Rb1 in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells.ResultsA total of 1,231 proteins were commonly identified from three replicate experiments. Among these, 40 proteins were significantly changed in response to Rb1 pretreatment in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells. Analysis of the functional enrichments and protein interactions of altered proteins revealed that actin cytoskeleton proteins might be linked to the regulatory mechanisms of Rb1. The CAP1, CAPZB, TOMM40, and DSTN proteins showed potential as molecular target proteins for the functional contribution of Rb1 in Alzheimer's disease (AD).ConclusionOur proteomic data may provide new insights into the protective mechanisms of Rb1 in AD.

Global analysis of ginsenoside Rg1 protective effects in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells

“…To investigate the mechanisms associated with the neuroprotective activity of Rg1 in AD, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of SH-SY5Y cells, which were treated with Rg1 after Aβ exposure using nano-LC-MS/MS combined with SILAC. We cultured SH-SY5Y cells in either light SILAC medium containing 12 C 6 -Arg and 12 C 6 , 14 N 2 -Lys or heavy medium containing 13 C 6 -Arg and 13 C 6 , 15 N 2 -Lys to label the cells with the stable isotopes [18] . Previous studies have shown that fresh and aged Aβ 25–35 decreases the cell survival rate based on the results of the MTT reduction assay [21] .…”

“…SILAC was performed as previously reported [18] . Briefly, SH-SY5Y cells were cultured for at least five cell divisions in either light SILAC medium containing 12 C 6 -Arg and 12 C 6 , 14 N 2 -Lys or heavy SILAC medium containing 13 C 6 -Arg and 13 C 6 , 15 N 2 -Lys supplemented with 10% dialyzed fetal bovine serum, 50 IU/mL penicillin, and 50 mg/mL streptomycin.…”

“…MS was performed as previously described [18] . Briefly, the tryptic-dried peptides were analyzed using the Agilent HPLC-Chip/TOF MS system with the Agilent 1260 nano-LC system, HPLC Chip-cube MS interface and a 6530 QTOF single quadrupole-TOF mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).…”

Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…Taken together, these findings indicated that ginseng exhibits its neuroprotective properties and improves is could be due to the presence of bioactive compound ginsenosides in ginseng. Several studies have reported on the neuroprotective effect of ginsenosides, particularly ginsenosides Rg1, in various neurodegeneration models [157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169].…”

Attenuation of TNF-α-Induced Inflammatory Injury in Endothelial Cells by Ginsenoside Rb1 via Inhibiting NF-κB, JNK and p38 Signaling Pathways

“…The most attractive characteristic of Rb1 is its ability to modulate the cardiovascular system, wherein it can regulate arrhythmias and promote the release of catecholamines to invigorate the heart ( Wang et al, 2008 ). In addition, Rb1 can regulate the expression of actin cytoskeleton-related proteins to protect against AS and has been reported to inhibit inflammation and ameliorate insulin resistance under ER stress conditions ( Chen W. et al, 2016 ; Hwang et al, 2016 ). However, no studies have highlighted the protective effects of Rb1 on TNF-α-induced endothelial cell injury, and the mechanisms underlying these effects have not yet been elucidated.…”