Prototheca zopfii genotypes isolated from cow barns and bovine mastitis in Japan

Osumi, Takafumi; Kishimoto, Yuji; Kano, Rui; Maruyama, Haruhiko; Onozaki, Masanobu; Makimura, Koichi; Ito, Takaaki; Matsubara, Kiyoshi; Hasegawa, Atsuhiko

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.012

Cited by 77 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The analysis using genotype-specific PCR assays and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) test revealed P. zopfii genotype 2 in all isolates from cow milk (n = 67). Still, out of 32 isolates collected from the environment as many as 29 were identified as genotype 1, whereas only three isolates belonged to genotype 2 (23). Specific reservoir of P. zopfii in the environment has not been identified.…”

Section: Common Habitats Of P Zopfii and The Potential Source Of Infmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Identification of potential infection sources on the farm is useful in view of implementation of relevant preventive measures; however, the real source of infection often remains unknown (13). At a dairy farm with protothecal mastitis, Osumi et al (23) isolated P. zopfii from drinking water, bovine faeces, sewage water, and the milk of infected cows. The analysis using genotype-specific PCR assays and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) test revealed P. zopfii genotype 2 in all isolates from cow milk (n = 67).…”

Section: Common Habitats Of P Zopfii and The Potential Source Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biotype 2 is characterised by delayed assimilation of galactose and increased assimilation of amino acids in comparison to biotype 1, whilst the strains of biotype 3 are incapable of glycerol assimilation (27). P. zopfii biotype 2 has been established to be the major causative agent of mastitis in dairy cows (3,9,14,22,23,29). Genotype 1 is considered to be non-pathogenic (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mastitis associated with Prototheca zopfii - an emerging health and economic problem on dairy farms

Milanov

Polaček

Suvajdžić

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Increased incidence of protothecal mastitis has been recorded in several countries in the past ten years. The main goal of this article is to draw the attention of scientific and professional community to the emerging issue of mammary protothecosis. The article collates currently known facts about infection reservoirs, predisposing factors for the development of mastitis, clinical manifestations of the disease, and potential transmission routes within the herd as well as the measures for control and eradication. We would like to point out that identification of protothecal mastitis on a dairy farm is associated with a range of problems. Early detection of infected animals can be difficult because of predominantly subclinical course of early-stage infection, which easily spreads between cows via the milking system. Spontaneous recovery has not been recorded and infected cows typically develop chronic mastitis with granulomatous infiltration and progressive loss of functional parenchyma of the mammary gland. Substantial economic losses and health damages associated with mammary protothecosis strongly emphasise the need for developing effective prevention strategies aimed at control of the infection.

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Section: Common Habitats Of P Zopfii and The Potential Source Of Infmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Common Habitats Of P Zopfii and The Potential Source Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mastitis associated with Prototheca zopfii - an emerging health and economic problem on dairy farms

Milanov

Polaček

Suvajdžić

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…P. zopfii has been classified biochemically and serologically into genotypes 1 and 2, and Prototheca blaschkeae [1,5,6]. According to the latest genotypic classification, all isolates from bovine mastitis in Germany and Japan were P. zopfii genotype 2, suggesting that genotype 2 is the principal causative agent of bovine protothecal mastitis [2,3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These isolates were previously identified by an 18S rDNA-based genotype-specific PCR assay [2,3,5] (Table 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Algaecide Effect of Disinfectants on Prototheca zopfii Genotypes 1 and 2

et al. 2011

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ABSTRACT. Bovine mastitis due to Prototheca zopfii leads to reduced milk production and is difficult to cure. Therefore, prevention is the best approach and this is best achieved through the use of effective disinfectants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro algaecide efficacy of conventional disinfectants against strains of P. zopfii genotype 1 and 2. The minimal algaecide concentration (MAC) of alkyldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine, dioxide chlorine, povidone iodine and sodium hypochlorous acid against 10 isolates and the type strain (SAG2063 T ) of P. zopfii genotype 1 as well as 10 isolates and the type strain (SAG2021 T ) of P. zopfii genotype 2 were examined using the micro dilution method. This in vitro study indicated that alkyldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine, povidone iodine and sodium hypochlorous acid, but not dioxide chlorine, are effective against both genotypes of P. zopfii.

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Two-dimensional proteome reference map of Prototheca zopfii revealed reduced metabolism and enhanced signal transduction as adaptation to an infectious life style

Murugaiyan¹,

Weise

Bergen

et al. 2013

Proteomics

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Biochemical, serological, and genetic analyses have identified two genotypes of Prototheca zopfii, a unicellular microalga belonging to the family Chlorellaceae. The P. zopfii genotype 1, abundantly present in cow barns and environment, remains nonpathogenic, while P. zopfii genotype 2 has been isolated from cows with bovine mastitis. The present study was carried out to identify the protein expression level difference between the pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of P. zopfii. A total of 782 protein spots were observed on the 2D fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) gels among which 63 and 44 proteins were identified to be overexpressed in genotypes 1 and 2, respectively. The limited number of protein entries specific for Prototheca in public repositories resulted mainly in the identification of proteins described in other algae, microorganisms, or plants. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated reduced carbohydrate metabolism in genotype 1, while genotype 2 displayed enhanced DNA binding, kinase activity, and signal transduction. These effects point to metabolic and signaling adaptations in the pathogenic strain and provide insights into the evolution of otherwise highly similar strains. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000126.

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Prototheca zopfii genotypes isolated from cow barns and bovine mastitis in Japan

Cited by 77 publications

References 11 publications

Mastitis associated with Prototheca zopfii - an emerging health and economic problem on dairy farms

Mastitis associated with Prototheca zopfii - an emerging health and economic problem on dairy farms

In vitro Algaecide Effect of Disinfectants on Prototheca zopfii Genotypes 1 and 2

Two-dimensional proteome reference map of Prototheca zopfii revealed reduced metabolism and enhanced signal transduction as adaptation to an infectious life style

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